H 2 O + CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Photosynthesis

Where does it occur again? The chloroplast! 1)The Light Dependent Reactions – occurs in the thylakoids; the sun’s energy is transferred from chlorophyll to high energy electron carriers and ATP 2) The Calvin Cycle – occurs in the stroma (outside the thylakoid); uses the energy generated from the Light reactions to build sugars There are two main parts the differ in their location in the chloroplast:

What is an electron carrier? A molecule that can hold the energy generated from high energy electrons in order to take the energy to where it can be used in the cell Carriers that can transfer energy for the cell are part of an electron transport chain that commonly makes energy for the cell Ex: NADP + + H + + 2e -  NADPH High NRG!!!!

1 st Part – Light reactions What does it involve? It takes the sun’s energy and H 2 O and uses them to make ATP and NADPH while giving off the O 2 that isn’t used Let’s see how this works….. HINT: Look for the orange parts above next.

How does the ATP synthesis work? ATP synthase is a membrane protein in the thylakoid that uses the energy produced when the H + ions flow through it to make ATP from ADP + P What type of cell transport is this? Why?

ATP Synthase

Light Reactions Summary Reactants = sun + water Produced = –ATP – energy for the Calvin cycle –NADPH – carries energy to the Calvin cycle –Oxygen – released through the stomata Sunlight + H 2 O + CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2

Calvin Cycle/Dark Reactions

What are the reactants? Why? –ATP –NADPH –CO 2 What are the products? Why? –C 6 H 12 O 6

Calvin Cycle Summary: The energy from the ATP and NADPH is used to convert carbon dioxide into sugar energy Sun + H 2 O + CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2

Let’s Review…… Plant VideoPlant Complete the second half of the 8-3 worksheet Homework: Do 8-3 Questions pg 214, #1- 5