Photosynthesis The Transfer of Light energy into chemical energy Sections

The purpose of plants Convert inorganic to organic Foundation of food web- autotrophs Shelter Energy Medicine Soil Stability

Adaptations: allowed plants to move on to land not present in non-vascular plants Mycorrhizae fungus- in 80% of plants Pollen grains Stomata Cuticle-waxy Vascular tissue Xylem- non-living, water from roots Phloem- living, food to roots

Rate of Photosynthesis Availability of raw materials Temperature o F (20-35 o C)- below or above enzyme activity decreases Intensity of sunlight Rate levels off at a given intensity

Chlorophyll The pigment that absorbs the sunlight Chlorophyll absorbs in the blue, violet and red spectrum but reflects green light You see the wavelength reflected

Anatomy of a chloroplast Stroma Thylakoid

The Balanced Equation 6CO H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O H 2 O Sunlight ReactantsProducts

Graphic Overview of Photosynthesis

The Players CO 2, H 2 O, O 2, C 6 H 12 O 6 sunlight NADPH, ATP - energy molecules NADP +, ADP - potential energy NADP+ NADPH

Light Dependent Reaction Takes Place in the Thylakoid Membrane Pigment in photosystem II transfers energy to photosystem I Energy is used by NADP + to become NADPH H + from oxidation of water convert ADP to ATP 2H 2 O 4H + + O 2

The Dark Reaction The Calvin Cycle Takes place in the stroma, does not require light Energy for reaction is provided by NADPH and ATP from light reaction Forms Glucose

6CO H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O H 2 O Sunlight Light Reaction H 2 O + NADP + + ADP + P NADPH + ATP + O 2 + H 2 Dark Reaction NADPH + CO 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + H 2 O + ADP + NADP + Remains in chloroplast Light Reaction Dark Reaction ATP Sunlight