Where does all that glucose come from?

CO 2 radiant energy Photosynthesis glucose

In the process of photosynthesis, plants convert radiant energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of glucose (sugar)

That’s a lot of photosynthesis

So is this!

O2O2 glucose CO 2 H2OH2O H+H+ H+H+ Energy CO 2 + H 2 O + energy  glucose + O 2 Photosynthesis

glucose + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O + energy CO 2 H2OH2O H+H+ H+H+ Energy O2O2 glucose Cellular RespirationPhotosynthesis

vascular bundle palisade mesophyll spongy mesophyll epidermis cuticle stomate EpidermisMesophyllVascular Bundles

O2O2 CO 2 H2OH2O

O2O2 H2OH2O

nucleus chloroplast cytosol cell wall

nucleus chloroplast cytosol cell wall

Outer membrane Inner membrane Stroma Thylakoid Granum

Thylakoid (contains chlorophyll) Stroma Lamella (connects grana) Thylakoid Space (Lumen)

PHOTOSYNTHESIS Light ReactionsDark Reactions makes NADPH ATP some glucose

PHOTOSYNTHESIS Light ReactionsDark Reactions makes NADPH ATP some glucose DON’T BE FOOLED!! Both light and dark reactions occur during the day. The “Dark” reactions don’t REQUIRE light while the “Light” reactions do!

PHOTOSYNTHESIS Light Dependent ReactionsLight Independent Reactions makes NADPH ATP some glucose

Photon

Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b absorbed Absorbance:

Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b GREEN What do we see? Reflection: reflected

 Carotenoids  Phycobilins  Xanthophylls

a Primary Electron Acceptor

Thylakoid PS IPS IIP700P680

Thylakoid PS IPS II aa a Electron Acceptor P

PS II High Low Energy H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H2OH2O H+H+ H+H+ O2O2 H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ P Stroma Thylakoid Lumen Thylakoid Membrane

PS II High Low Energy H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ Thylakoid Membrane Stroma Thylakoid Lumen E T C H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ PS I O2O2 ATP P  Electrons are re-energized at photosystem I  The high energy electrons are involved in a redox reaction to generate the high energy NADPH molecule  The proton gradient is used to generate ATP through ATP Synthase

PS II High Low Energy H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ Thylakoid Membrane Stroma Thylakoid Lumen E T C H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ PS I ATP NADP + NADPH

ATP NADPH

High Low Energy H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ Membrane E T C H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ PS I ATP P  Simple organisms like bacteria are able to meet their energy demands by using PS I alone to generate ATP  In this way they generate cellular energy without synthesizing glucose.

High Low Energy H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ Membrane E T C H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ H+H+ PS I ATP P