Xiaochen Zhu 1, Shaoxu Song 1, Jianmin Wang 1, Philip S. Yu 2, Jiaguang Sun 1 1 Tsinghua University, China 2University of Illinois at Chicago, USA 1/29 ICDE 2014

 Motivation  Event Matching Framework  A* Search Algorithm  Computing the Normal Distance G  Simple Upper Bound of H  Advanced Bounding Function  Pay-As-You-Go Matching  Experiments  Conclusion 2/29 ICDE 2014

 Information systems play an important role in large enterprises:  Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)  Office Automation (OA)  These systems record the business history in their event logs. 3/29 ICDE 2014 Trace IDTraceTrace IDTrace 1ABCDEFABCDEF6ACBDEFACBDEF 2ACBDEFACBDEF7ACBDFEACBDFE 3ACBDFEACBDFE8ACBDFEACBDFE 4ABCDFEABCDFE9ACBDFEACBDFE 5ACBDEFACBDEF10ACBDFEACBDFE ABCDEFABCDEF Event IDTrace IDEvent NameTimestamp 11Order Received (A) :33:34 21Payment (B) :10:17 31Check Inventory (C) :18:11 41Ship Goods (D) :31:50 51Record Order (E) :14:26 61Send Notification (F) :17:18

 Complex event processing  Provenance analysis  Decision support  Exploring the correspondence among events 4/29 ICDE 2014 Business Data Warehouse Event Logs Beijing Subsidiary Event Logs Shanghai Subsidiary Event Logs Guangzhou Subsidiary Information systems

 Different events may represent the same activity 5/29 Event NameTimestamp Order Received (A) :33:34 Payment (B) :10:17 Check Inventory (C) :18:11 Ship Goods (D) :31:50 Record Order (E) :14:26 Send Notification (F) :17:18 ICDE 2014 Event NameTimestamp JD (1) :12:07 YD (2) :27:14 TJD (3) :30:18 CK (5) :35:32 ZF (4) :50:12 FH (6) :30:47 DL (7) :31:12 FT (8) :40:40 Abbreviation of Chinese phonetic representation English name

 Text similarity fails  statistics and structural information  Event Log  Event Dependency Graph (V, E, f) 6/29 ICDE 2014 Trace IDTrace 1ABCDEFABCDEF 2ACBDEFACBDEF 3ACBDFEACBDFE 4ABCDFEABCDFE 5ACBDEFACBDEF 6ACBDEFACBDEF 7ACBDFEACBDFE 8ACBDFEACBDFE 9ACBDFEACBDFE 10ACBDFEACBDFE A B C D E F f(A,C)= f(A,A) =1.0 frequency of appearance frequency of consecutive events

7/29 Event Log 1 Event Log 2 A B C G1G G2G2 ICDE 2014 A B C G1G G2G2 A B C G1G G2G2 A B C G1G G2G2 How to evaluate the best mapping?

8/29 ICDE 2014 A B C G1G G2G2 B 2 B C A A  1, B  2, C  3 A, B, C (A,B), (A,C), (C,B)

9/29 * J. Kang and J. F. Naughton. On schema matching with opaque column names and data values. In SIGMOD Conference, pages 205–216, ICDE 2014

10/29 ICDE 2014 A B C G1G G2G2 B C A B C A

11/29 ICDE 2014 A B C D E F G1G G2G2 A B C D E F A B C D E F Vertex+Edge is not discriminative enough Fail ！

 Event Pattern: particular orders of event occurrence 12/29 ICDE 2014 Trace IDTrace 1ABCDEFABCDEF 2ACBDEFACBDEF 3ACBDFEACBDFE 4ABCDFEABCDFE 5ACBDEFACBDEF 6ACBDEFACBDEF 7ACBDFEACBDFE 8ACBDFEACBDFE 9ACBDFEACBDFE 10ACBDFEACBDFE not match match

13/29 ICDE 2014

14/29 ICDE 2014 A B C D E F G1G G2G2 A B C D E F A B C D E F Patterns: Vertex pattern: A, B, C, D, E, F Edge pattern: SEQ(A,B), SEQ(A,C), SEQ(B,C), SEQ(C,B), SEQ(B,D), SEQ(C,D), SEQ(D,E), SEQ(D,F), SEQ(E,F), SEQ(F,E) Complex pattern: SEQ(A, AND(B, C), D) SEQ(A, AND(B, C), D)  SEQ(3, AND(4, 5), 6)

15/29 ICDE 2014 Key issue is efficiency

 Motivation  Event Matching Framework  A* Search Algorithm  Computing the Normal Distance G  Simple Upper Bound of H  Advanced Bounding Function  Pay-As-You-Go Matching  Experiments  Conclusion 16/29 ICDE 2014

17/29 ICDE 2014

18/29 ICDE 2014 Root node node 1node 2 node 3 node 5 node 6 node 7 node 10 node 4 g: 0.8 h: 3.0 g+h: 3.8 g: 1.0 h: 3.0 g+h: 4.0 g: 0.7 h: 3.0 g+h: 3.7 g: 0.5 h: 3.0 g+h: 3.5 g: 1.8 h: 2.0 g+h: 3.8 g: 2.0 h: 2.0 g+h: 4.0 g: 1.2 h: 2.0 g+h: 3.2 g: 4.0 h: 0.0 g+h: 4.0 1,2,3,41,2,3,4 A C 1,3,41,3,4 Terminate when U 1 or U 2 is empty

19/29 ICDE 2014 AB C D Patterns: A, B, C, D, SEQ(A,B), SEQ(B,C), SEQ(C,B), SEQ(C,D), SEQ(A,B,C), SEQ(B,C,D) G1G1 G2G2 1. newly introduced patterns:, SEQ(C,B) C, SEQ(B,C), SEQ(A,B,C) 2. prune unmapped patterns: 3. compute similarities: 3, SEQ(2,3), SEQ(1,2,3), SEQ(C,B) Parent node: Child node:

20/29 ICDE 2014 AB C D Patterns: A, B, C, D, SEQ(A,B), SEQ(B,C), SEQ(C,B), SEQ(C,D), SEQ(A,B,C), SEQ(B,C,D) G1G1 G2G2 Remaining Patterns: D, SEQ(C,D), SEQ(B,C,D)

21/29 ICDE 2014 Upper Bound a general pattern a complex pattern

 Motivation  Event Matching Framework  A* Search Algorithm  Computing the Normal Distance G  Simple Upper Bound of H  Advanced Bounding Function  Pay-As-You-Go Matching  Experiments  Conclusion 22/29 ICDE 2014

 Motivation:  Interesting event patterns are gradually identified.  Best matching may change.  Two heuristic strategy:  Continue  Restart 23/29 ICDE 2014 Materialize leaf nodes Materialize previous answer for pruning

 Motivation  Event Matching Framework  A* Search Algorithm  Computing the Normal Distance G  Simple Upper Bound of H  Advanced Bounding Function  Pay-As-You-Go Matching  Experiments  Conclusion 24/29 ICDE 2014

 Real Life Data Set: employed from the bus manufacturer  True-mapping is generated manually by domain experts.  Criteria: to evaluate the accuracy of event matching,  F-measure of precision and recall.  Baseline: Opaque matching 1, Iterative Matching J. Kang and J. F. Naughton. On schema matching with opaque column names and data values. In SIGMOD Conference, pages 205–216, S. Nejati, M. Sabetzadeh, M. Chechik, S. M. Easterbrook, and P. Zave. Matching and merging of statecharts specifications. In ICSE, pages 54–64, /29 No. of Event Logs38Min Event Size2 No. of Traces3000Max Event Size11 ICDE 2014

26/29 ICDE 2014 Our Approach

 More patterns, higher accuracy;  Pay-as-you-go strategies accelerate the re-computation of new event matching. 27/29 ICDE 2014

 Pattern based generic framework  (Vertex+Edge+Complex) Patterns  Compatible with existing methods.  An advanced bounding function.  Support matching in a pay-as-you-go style. 28/29 ICDE 2014

Thanks ！ 29/29 ICDE 2014