Dr. Jeff Amato Geological Sciences 8/26/08 GEOL 470 Structural Geology OUTLINE Why structure is important An example of structural analysis Earth Structure.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Earth Structure & Plate Tectonics Notes

Advertisements

Journey to the Center of Earth

Plate Tectonics Notes # 2. Tsunamis: means “ wave in the harbor” in. When there is an earthquake underwater, the sea floor may drop down suddenly due.

Structure of the Earth.

The Dynamic EarthSection 1 The Composition of Earth Part 2.

Geology & The Layers of the Earth A journey to the center of the Earth.

Unit 1, Section 3 1.  What are the layers of the Earth?  How do Earth’s internal forces change its surface? 2.

Earth Layers The Earth is divided into four main layers. *Inner Core

Earth’s Composition.

Journey to the Center of the Earth

Basic Structure of the Earth

Jeopardy Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q $100 Q $200 Q $200 Q $200

What are the three layers of the Earth

Layers of the Earth.

What’s in there? How do we know its there? Why do we even care?

The Earth’s Layers Layers. inner core outer core crust mantle Composition of the Earth’s Layers Moho.

Journey to the Center of Earth

Earth’s Structure and Composition What is geology? What are the characteristics of Earth’s three layers?

 Composition: Silicon, Oxygen, and Aluminum  Types: › Continental Crust: solid & rocky outer layer › Oceanic Crust: thin & dense material.

Layers of the Earth.

What’s Inside?. The Earth’s Core – Almost as hot as the surface of the sun (due to radioactive decay) Escape of this inner heat drives geological activity.

Chapter Unit F: Plate Tectonics. Layers of the Earth 17.1 The three main layers that make up Earth are -The crust -Mantle -Core The crust is up.

The Earth and it’s layers

Aim: How can we describe the different layers of the Earth? Do Now: How are Ogre’s like onions?

Earth’s Interior 6th Grade Earth Science Ms. Mudd.

Do Now #1 Using an internet capable device please research and record two possible answers to the following question: How do we know what the center of.

The Layers of the Earth © Copyright 2006. M. J. Krech. All rights reserved.

Earth Science The Dynamic Earth Introduction to Geology.

Chapter 22.1: Earth’s Structure

VOCABULARY Landform Relief map Topographical map Atmosphere Hydrosphere Crust Mantle Outer core Inner core.

Layers of the EARTH. Earth’s Layered Structure Layers Defined by Composition 8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure  Earth’s interior consists of three major.

Chemical Layers of the Earth page 91. Remember when the Earth was molten? …

The Earth’s Interior.

Structure of the Earth. Earth’s Structure  The Earth is made up of several layers with distinct properties:  Crust = outer layer  Mantle = middle layer.

Earth’s Layers Geology Unit.

Deep Time  The theory that Earth has a long history of development & change lasting billions of years Deep time began with the Precambrian Era.

The Structure of the Earth

Earth’s Structure. Astronomer can see stars at the farthest edge of the universe using a telescope. Biologist can see the inner structure of cells using.

Science Do Now Silently & Independently, fill in the “What We Already Know” section on the top of the paper on your desk. Take out your “6-4 What is Plate.

Pop Quiz! 1.__ 2.__ 3.__ 4.__ 5.__ 6.__ 7.__ 8.__ Inner Core Mantle Mesosphere Outer Core Asthenosphere Ocean Crust Lithosphere Continental Crust.

1. Crust- outermost layer of Earth’s interior that consists of solid rock.

LAYERS OF THE EARTH.

Journey to the Center of Earth

Structure of the Earth.

Summary of the Layers of the Earth,

Standard 2 Objective 1 Handout 2

Earth’s Interior EQ: Describe the different layers of the earth. Explain how scientist learned about these layers.

Inside the Earth Earth’s Structure

Layers of Earth.

Earth Part 2 G. Yannakoulias.

Earth’s Interior EQ: Describe the different layers of the earth. Explain how scientist learned about these layers.

EARTH’S STRUCTURE.

8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure

Layers of Earth.

Earth’s Layers.

Structure of the Earth.

Chapter 2 -1 Earth: A unique planet

The study of the forces that change the Earth’s surface.

Walk Around Notes!.

8.4 Earth’s Layered Structure

The Fiery Earth Earth’s Interior.

LAYERS OF THE EARTH Layers Density/Pressure/Temp.

Earth (“Geo”). Earth (“Geo”) The main difference between Earth Science and the rest of the sciences (except for astrophysics) is the use of “DEEP.

Earths Interior and Layered Structure

Crust! Thickness The crust is the thinnest and least dense layer.

EARTH’S LAYERED STRUCTURE

Earth Science Chapter 1.2 A View of the Earth.

Building Landforms Our Country.

Layers of the Earth: Flashcards

A Journey to the Center of the Earth

Presentation transcript:

Dr. Jeff Amato Geological Sciences 8/26/08 GEOL 470 Structural Geology OUTLINE Why structure is important An example of structural analysis Earth Structure

Time Scale

Why study structural geology?

How do we explain the major features of the Earth?

Why are there mountains? Matterhorn, Swiss Alps

How can solid rock flow like taffy? Morcles Nappe, Swiss Alps

Where is the oil?

How do faults relate to earthquakes Active mountain. front, Basin and Range Province, Nevada

Structural Hazards and Society

Structural analysis of a pizza…

It all starts with field mapping Brooks Range Foothills, AK

A basic tool: the geologic map

A structural cross section: Determine deep structure from surface data

Summary: Structures include: Folds, faults, joints Foliations, lineations, shear zones Structures are found at every scale Plate, mountain, outcrop, hand sample, thin section

Summary: Structural geology is important to society Helps to find resources and determine hazards

Summary: Structural analysis is conducted through observation and interpretation: Kinematics: What moved? How much? What direction? Dynamics: What forces and stresses were responsible?

Summary: Geologic maps and cross-sections help visualize the big picture

Earth Structure

How many layers in the earth? Two answers to this…

1) Compositional Classification Each layer has same basic composition.

Crust

Mantle

Crust= low density rock Mantle = high density rock Core= iron

2) Mechanical Classification Each layer will consist of material that behaves the same way under stress

Outer Core= liquid Inner Core= solid

Mechanical Classification LithosphereSolid plates, resistant to flow Plates are moving AsthenosphereSolid: flows under stress Convection! Outer Core Inner Core Liquid Solid

Oceanic crust vs. Continental crust

Why are the oceans deep, and the continents at high elevations?

What is density? (  ) mass (g) == volume (cm 3 )

Density of different materials Water: 1 g/cm 3 Quartz: 2.3 g/cm 3 Rocks:2-3.5 g/cm 3 Iron: 8 g/cm 3 Lead: 11 g/cm 3 Gold: 19 g/cm 3

Density of different materials Quartz: 2.3 g/cm 3 Gold: 19 g/cm 3

 = 0.9 g/cm3  = 1.0 g/cm3

0 (km) Continental crust (2.8 g/cm 3 ) Moho discontinuity Horizontal distance not to scale Mantle (3.4 g/cm 3 ) Oceanic crust (3.0 g/cm 3 ) Less dense continental crust floats on denser mantle. Continental crust is less dense than oceanic crust.