 Matter is anything that has volume and mass.  The volume of the liquid is measured by graduated cylinders  When you measure the volume of liquid remember to look at the meniscus  Mass: amount of matter in an object  Volume: amount of space an object occupies What is matter? Essential Question: What are the differences between the four states of matter?

 They have definite shape and volume  Particles are pact  Particles vibrate in place

 Liquids take the shape of the container  Liquids have definite volume  Particles slide past each other  Particles are not packed; they are spaced out.

 Gas changes their shape; indefinite shape  Gas changes their volume; indefinite volume  Particles are extremely far away from each other; particles move freely

 Plasma conducts electricity  Same properties as gas

 Physical Properties Can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter.  Chemical properties The ability of the substance to change into a new substance with different properties.

 Thermal conductivity  Changes of states of matter

 Ductility: The ability to be drawn into Wires.

 Density: Mass/volume g/cm 3

 The ability of the substance to change into a new substance with different properties. Ex: wood burning and changing into ash and smoke Ability to burn: Flamability

 Freezing water for ice cubes  Sanding a piece of wood  Bending a paper clip  Mixing oil and vinegar  Crushing an aluminum can  Cutting your hair

Column AColumn B ____ sand does not dissolve in water a.State ____ gold can be made into gold foil; thin sheets b. Thermal conductivity ____ ice is the solid form of water. c. Solubility ____ copper can be drawn out into wire. d. Density ____ a foam cup protects your hand from being burned by the hot chocolate the cup contains. e. Ductility ____ ice cubes float in a glass of water. f. malleability

PropertyPhysical propertyChemical property Red color Melting point Flammability Reacts with acid Odor Reacts with water Density

ChangePhysical changeChemical change Water boiling Iron rusting Baking soda reacting with vinegar Sharpening a pencil Alka-seltzer reacting with water Paper burning Tearing paper

 It is a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substance by physical or chemical means.  Each element has it own atomic number (# OF PROTONS)

 When a new substance is formed  Examples : Sour milk, effervescent tablets, and the Statue of Liberty  Clues to chemical changes: Color change Fizzing or foaming Heat Production of sound, light, or odor

 Two or more elements combined chemically together. Compounds can only be separated by chemical means.

 Two or more elements combined physically together. They can be separated by physical means only.

 Made out of two or more elements

 Compounds cannot be separated by physical change while mixtures can.  Compounds do not retain the identity of their combined elements, while mixtures do.  Compounds must have certain ratio ( H 2 O) While mixtures can be formed by any ratio ( Pizza, you can add and take out things to it)

Can tell what the mixture is made out of Cannot tell what the mixture is made out of  Heterogeneous mixture  homogeneous mixture