2011 Global MDG Report Review Ensuring Environmental Sustainability – Matters Arising in the Nigerian Environment Sector July 2011

Targets and Indicators Targets (4) Indicators (10) Target 7a: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes; reverse loss of environmental resources 7a and b 7.1 Proportion of land area covered by forest 7.2 CO2 emissions, total, per capita and per $1 GDP (PPP) 7.3 Consumption of ozone-depleting substances 7.4 Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limits 7.5 Proportion of total water resources used 7.6 Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected 7.7 Proportion of species threatened with extinction Target 7b: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss Target 7c: Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation 7c 7.8 Proportion of population using an improved drinking water source 7.9 Proportion of population using an improved sanitation facility Target 7d: Achieve significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers, by d 7.10 Proportion of urban population living in slums

2011 MDG Report Implications Report Finding Current Status /Recommendations 1.Most forest losses still occurring in countries in the tropics, with Africa seeing the largest net losses of forests between 2000 and 2010  Rich biodiversity of the forests remains imperiled by high rate of global deforestation and degradation  Forests play an important role in the global carbon cycle  It is estimated that the forestry sector is responsible for one sixth of all human induced greenhouse gas emissions  $4 Billion promised for REDD funds 1.Receding forests 2.Address the root causes or drivers of deforestation 3.Develop national readiness plans for accessing REDD benefits (expand beyond Cross Rivers state) 4.Setting national framework for accessing Climate finance (Trust funds)

Contd. 2.Global greenhouse gas continues to rise 2001 and 2010 was the warmest on record since 1880 Probably the good news is that the lowest regional value of emission was recorded in Sub – Saharan Africa, but emission measured as a unit of economic activity means that economic activities is falling in the region 1.Increase sea level rise /possibility of increased incidences of flooding /natural disasters 2.Urgent need for national actions against climate change, such as the development of appropriate policies such as NAPA, NAMA, National Green House Gas inventory 3.Mainstream climate change and disaster risk reduction into national planning 4.Investment in institutional capacity to fight climate change 3. Montreal Protocol is an undisputed but still unfinished success story 1.Nigeria is part of this globally acclaimed success. ODS/CFCs have been successfully eliminated from Nigeria 2.Commencement of second phase Montreal protocol programme 3.Sustain the success and ensure the passage of the legislation banning the importation into the country

Contd. 4.Global tides of extinction continues un abated according to IUCN Red List and global marine resources continue to decline 1.Imperiled fisheries – over fishing, use of illegal nets 2.Biodiversity target not met 3.Marine pollution BP Oil Spill a case in point ala Niger Delta, destruction of habitats/ NOSCP by NOSDRA 4.Conservation of priority ecosystems through establishment of protected areas 5.NBSAP / Nagoya Action Plans etc 5. Progress to improve access to clean water has been strong, if this continues the MDG target will be met and likely surpassed and Wider access to clean water target on track but access to basic sanitation needed for 2.5 billion people 1.Emphasis on coverage of rural areas compared to cities needs to be addressed and also in sub Saharan countries the poorer 20 percent 6. Growing urbanization is outpacing slum improvements, In 2010 the highest prevalence of slum conditions was found in sub – Saharan 1.Nigeria now 48% urban, will be predominantly urban by Enumeration of slum populations, setting of realistic targets to for improving their lives ( housing, water, sanitation, transportation) etc

Engagement at Strategic Policy levels Finalization of draft policy documents; National Policy on Environment, Climate Change Commission Bill, Climate change policy, NEAP, NASPA, NAMA, national Policy on Housing and Urban Development, Effective national coordination that could impact upon international coordination and enhance Nigeria’s international role for the promotion of sustainable development; Harmonizing the reporting efforts towards implementation of the MEAs and its mainstreaming into national sect oral policies and plans. Perennial oil spillage in oil producing states, the recent flooding in Lagos and its environs and many parts of northern Nigeria, Integration of environmental issues and climate change into UNDAF & CPAP

Support for implementing key policy documents Environment has been mainstreamed into Vision 20:2020 (Section III or IV on Sustainable Development), specific emphasis should be placed on the following a)Greening the Nigerian economy (i.e. promoting sustainable development through inter-linkages among environment, economic and social factors). a)This will simultaneously address the threats, risks, vulnerabilities and uncertainties associated with global climate change and the pressing development needs countries face as they pursue sustainable development. b)Turning environmental challenges into economic opportunities for poverty reduction especially generating employment b)Building resilience to climate change and disasters, particularly in the agricultural sector (including through social protection and other insurance mechanisms); c)Access to energy services for the poorest in a way that realizes the vast potential for tapping decentralized sources of renewable energy; d)Strengthening biodiversity conservation efforts through protection of natural flora and animals that are going into extinction supported a good strategy on afforestation. e)Implementation of the National Building Code and support for the documentation of the Nigerian Cities Report

Supporting states Promote access to best practices and cross state sharing of success stories Support identification of bottlenecks and designing state specific solutions Encourage sub national approach to addressing the issue of climate change

Engaging with civil society organizations Invest in institutional capacity development Work with CSOs as long term strategic partners, beyond just monitoring but contributing via implementation of community level sustainable development projects (Small Grants Programmes) Partnership on tracking public resources spent on the MDGs Develop community conversation mechanisms to address cultural practices that are destructive to the environment Educating ordinary people on the implications of climate change to human survival (especially on reduction in crop yields) Establish multi-stakeholder groups on MEAS to promote easy access to information and participation in decision making