TRANSFORMING INDIAN CITIES PROF. CHETAN VAIDYA Director SPA, New Delhi September 9, 2013

THEME  Urban India Offers a number of Challenges and Opportunities  The Urban Problems are Surmountable  Lot to Learn from Other Cities in India Outside  Need Partnerships among Stakeholders  Good Communication Strategy at All Levels

CONTENTS  Urban Trends and Program  Indore Experience  PEARL  Way Forward

URBAN INDIA POPULATION TRENDS  Total Urban Population in 2011 : million  % Urban Population to total in 2011: 31.16%  Annual Growth Rate ( ): 2.76%  % Projected Urban Population (2050):50%+  Large number of non-municipal towns  Urbanisation is inevitable  India needs to improve its urban infrastructure and governance to achieve economic objectives

5 Urbanization-Economic Growth Linkage

Percentage of Below Poverty Line Urban and Rural in India Item Urban Rural All-India Source: Planning Commission, 2012  Total Number Urban Poor: Million in High Rates of Urban Poverty in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Rajasthan

TABLE 2: PROJECTED URBAN AND TOTAL POPULATION IN INDIA – 2011, 2021 AND 2026 Item Total Population (million) Urban Population (million) Urban (%) Total AEGR (%) Urban AEGR(%) Source: Population Projections for India, , Registrar General of India, 2006 AEGR- Annual Exponential Growth Rate

TABLE 3: STATES GROUPED ACCORDING TO LEVEL OF URBANIZATION IN 2026 States/UTs% Urban_2026% Share of Total Urban Pop_2026 Highly Urban States/Uts Andhra Pradesh Delhi Gujarat Haryana Karnataka Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Punjab Tamil Nadu West Bengal Chandigarh, Goa and Pondicherry Highly Urban States/UTs Average Urban States/UTs Chhattisgarh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand States/UTs % Urban_2026% Share of Total Urban Pop_2026 Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Uttaranchal Subtotal for Average Urban States/UTs Low Urban States/UTs Bihar Himachal Pradesh Orissa North Eastern States Other UTs Subtotal for Low Urban States/Uts Source: Same as Table 2. Notes: (i) North Eastern States constitues of the 8 States of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura. (ii) Other UTs comprise of Andaman & Nicobar Islands,Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu and Lakshadweep.

Effective Municipal Resource Mobilization : Indore Experience

Introduction to IMC Population of 19.6 Lakhs (2011) Annual Population growth of 2.87% ( ) Trade and commercial center of the State of Madhya Pradesh Large center for textile, engineering and machinery industry Municipal income in : Rs. 135 crore Main sources of income: Property tax (21%) and Octroi compensation (44%)

CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY In 1997, IMC developed a City Development Strategy (CDS) with public consultation Main objectives of CDS are: –Improved delivery of services; –Resource mobilization with focus on management; –Expenditure management; and –Better communication with the citizens.

REFORM EFFORTS I Improvements carried out Revenue generationEnabling steps Self-assessment of property tax on area-based system Reassessment of under- assessed properties Focus on revenue management Property surveys Reorganization of Revenue Dept. Accrual-based accounting Computerized billing and database mgmt.

REFORM EFFORTS II Computerization –Private agency for software and database creation Project monitoring Digitization of maps and GIS. Decentralization to Zonal offices to facilitate better services to the poor.

REFORM EFFORTS III Reorganization of Revenue Department –Creation of 3 separate sections for Survey, Assessment and Recovery, vigilance teams also constituted Financial Management –Computerized double-entry accrual-based accounting Communication with Citizens –Citizen’s charter issued, time bound permissions –‘Nagrik’- magazine on municipal management –Hoardings with important information, dates, rules, etc.

REFORM EFFORTS IV Capacity building –Training all of all Revenue Dept staff by Institute of Mgmt Studies Data sharing with other Government Depts. –Registrar Office –MPEB E-Governance –Functional website

IMC’S ACHIEVEMENTS Rs. 42 crore Rs. 184 crore Total Revenue Rs. 16 crore Own Revenue Rs. 75 crore

Key Success Factors Hands-on and direct involvement of Mayor and Commissioner Crucial personnel involved in design and implementation Simple measures implemented with immediate and visible effects Priority to those measures that benefit the public Good communication with citizens and outside world

HPEC Report and Recommendations Dr. Isher Judge Ahluwalia Chairperson, High Powered Expert Committee 2011

Report on Indian Urban Infrastructure and Services Additional Rs 20 lakh crore for operation and maintenance of assets – old and new 19 Rs crore at prices Rs 39.2 lakh crore urban: infrastructure investment at prices

20 Please find enclosed attachment containing scanned jpeg file given by you. URBAN GOOD PRACTICES Please find enclosed attachment containing scanned jpeg file given by you. NEWSPAPERS ARTICLES BY DR. ISHER AHLUWALIA Urban Thanks

2. Peer Experience And Reflective Learning (PEARL) under JNNURM PROF. CHETAN VAIDYA Director SPA, New Delhi September 9, 2013

Peer Experience And Reflective Learning (PEARL) Knowledge sharing and cross-learning among JNNURM cities through effective knowledge networking.  The PEARL website (India Urban Portal)  Documentation of Urban Initiatives  Quarterly Newsletter - PEARL Update  National and Groups Workshops  Help Desk

PEARL Peer-pairing And Networks Knowledge Managers and Network Conveners

PEARL Urban Initiatives Reports & Newsletter  Documentation of urban initiatives: five volumes of the Report has been published.  Newsletter for PEARL: Issues of “PEARL Update” in English and “PEARL Aajtak” in Hindi have been published and circulated.

PEARL Website –India Urban Portal  PEARL website is operational and linked with JNNURM website. The site provides a knowledge-sharing platform for interaction and discussion.  This website documents Best Practices, JNNURM Projects, JNNURM Reforms, News / Events, Data /Resources, Publications, Gallery (Photos & Films) and Newsletters  An average monthly hit of more than 2,10,000 is being reached.  A e-Group and a online e-Discussion Forum is also available.

26 Postcard PEARL In Hindi

Message Urbanization is inevitable and desirable in India Urban Development should be Sustainable, Inclusive and Smart Cities in India are Slowly Transforming and we should create enabling conditions to support and replicate it. 27

Thank you