Maple seed sensor housing for desert reconnaissance Group 17: Clinton Bencsik Mark Brosche Christopher Kulinka Christopher Redcay FAMU-FSU College of Engineering

Overview Introduction The Design Concept Experimental Calculations Prototype Design Bill of Materials & Cost Analysis Conclusion Planned Future work

Seeking a way to monitor battle field terrain Harris Corporation $5.3 billion revenue in 2008 Fields Communications and Intelligence Programs Defense programs Communications and information processing products Data Links, Visualizations, and Digital Mapping Seeking a way to monitor battle field terrain Monitor foot travel Monitor vehicle presence

Design Specifications Project Scope Design a sensor vehicle to house a battlefield awareness network that can be dropped from any altitude. Project Requirements Design Specifications Survive a fall from a large height with sensors intact Make from a material with Young's Modulus >0.8GPa Hold a sensor array capable of detecting human and vehicle presence Design with infrared and vibration sensors to report disturbances Operate for several weeks without maintenance Use solar cells to recharge batteries or capacitors Auto-rotate during freefall similar to a maple seed Design as a scaled up maple seed with "seed" holding sensors Transmit data to a central network Design with an 802.15.4g transmitter to send data

What is significant about a Maple seed? Wing on seed is a natural mechanism for dispersing seeds over a large area. Seeds “float” to the earth using auto-rotating flight Why a Maple seed? Simplifies design to avoid complex moving parts Produces a desirable spread pattern to monitor a large area

The Design Concept 1 3 2 Single wing auto-rotating design Seed sensor housing (1) SDM manufactured Integrated sensors and controllers Integrated circuits Integrated transmitter and power source Wing with flexible solar cells (2) Provides power to battery and capacitor Curve and shape cause auto-rotation in flight Wing spine (3) Provides support for the light, thin wing 1 3 2

The Design Components Sensors a Power b d c Infrared Sensor Glolab DP-001 Vibration sensor SQ-SEN-200 Omni-directional tilt and vibration sensor (a) Power Flexible Solar cells (b) Silicon Solar 4.5” x 1.5” (3V at 50 mA) Battery Sanyo 3V RLITH-5 Capacitor (c) Panasonic 5.5V a b d c

The Design Concept Video Dramatization. Objects not to scale.

Proposed Component Diagram Power collected from solar cell. Energy stored in DC battery. Simultaneously senses infrared signals and ground vibrations. Sensor outputs directed to microcontroller. Signal transmitted to central unit.

Application of the Lift Equation to Auto-Rotating Wings

Simplifying the Area Equation of area in terms of the total length of the maple seed. Constant wing shape in order to introduce a coef. that represents that common shape. Combining these two equations and substituting a known area, length and width:

Obtaining the Final Equation We now combine the approximated lift equation with the simplified area to get lift as a function of length & Note: CI= lift coef. , ρ= air density , ω= angular velocity

Optimization Center of Gravity Inside head Maximizes use of entire wing length

Optimization Use rounded edges Initial prototypes failed due to stress concentrations

Prototype Design

Prototype Design Detail Exploded View 1 - Wing 2 - Solar Panel 3 - IR Sensor (2) 4 - Vibration Sensor 5 - Micro Controller 6 - Spine 7 - Head

Fused Deposition Modeling Prototype Overall Length – 6.75”, Seed Length – 1.5”, Wing Width – 1.75”

Final Bill of Materials & Cost Analysis Total Cost per Seed: $92.52

Future Plan In the next two weeks before final presentation: WE ARE HERE In the next two weeks before final presentation: Final components decided upon Cost analysis completed Shape prototype will be completed and tested Design ready for construction

References http://www.signalquest.com/sq-sen-200.htm http://www.siliconsolar.com/flexible-solar-panels-3v-p-16159.html https://www.ccity.ie/site/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.browse&category_id=0&keyword=&manufacturer_id=0&Itemid=3&orderby=product_name&limit=20&limitstart=100&vmcchk=1&Itemid=3 http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000X27XDC/ref=nosim/coffeeresearch23436-20

Acknowledgement Dr. Jonathan Clark - FAMU/FSU College of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Use of the STRIDE Lab Mr. Matt Christensen – Harris Corporation