CST Review Day 7 World History Communist Revolutions Rise of Totalitarians

CausesLeader SloganOutcomes Bolshevik Revolution

Causes  Widespread suffering and weak leadership under the Czar (poor working conditions, low wages).  Revolutionary movements that believed in a worker-run government…communism.  Russian defeat in the Russo-Japanese War.  Bloody Sunday (unarmed protestors).  World War I (high casualties, and economic ruin).  The March Revolution (soldiers joining activists).

Leader Vladimir Lenin

Slogan

Outcome  Czarist rule ends  Bolshevik Party  Communists take control  Russian economy in shambles  industrial production drops  trade all but ceases  skilled workers flee the country  Lenin asserts his control by cruel methods  Gulag (prison camps)  Run by the Cheka

Stalin

Rival Leon Trotsky

Stalinist Russia  Cultural Control: propaganda and control free speech.  Terror/Political Control: secret police and the Great Purge.  Economic Control: command economy, collectivization and the Five Year Plan.

Definition— Total Control for public and private lives Characteristics— Secret police Propaganda Terror ExamplesNon-Examples Totalitarianism

Definition— All means of production are owned by the people (or the government) Sharing is caring WE!! Characteristics— No private ownership Proletariat run All goods and services shared equally Examples— USSR China East Germany North Korea Vietnam Cuba Non-examples— USA Communism

Transformation in China  Nationalists (Jiang) vs. Communists (Mao)  The Long March  Communists China (the People’s Republic)  Great Leap Forward: communes and government ownership  Cultural Revolution: PEASANTS, Red Guards  Tiananmen Square: protests for democratic reforms

CountryLeaderIdeas/PoliciesEventsUS PolicyOutcome ChinaMaoCommunism Great Leap Forward Cultural Revolution Tiananmen Square ContainmentStill communist North Korea Kim Jon Il (Kim Sung Il’s son) Communism 38 th Parallel Korea War (north invades south) ContainmentStill communist CubaCastroCommunismCuban Missile Crisis ContainmentStill communist VietnamHo Chi Minh Communism Nationalism v. Imperialism Vietcong Vietnam War ContainmentStill communist

Activity  1 arm in the air = Russian Revolution  2 arms in the air = China’s Revolution  3 arms (using a partner) = Stalinist USSR  4 arms (using a partner) = trick question

Had to withdrawal from WWI because a revolution broke out?

Slogan was peace, land, and bread?

Slogan was Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity?

Used the Cheka to maintain control?

Used the Red Guard?

Led by Mao?

Led by Lenin?

Brought and end to the Czar’s rule?

Five Year Plan: collectivization and rapid industrial growth?

The Great Purge to murder millions?

The Long March?

The Great Leap Forward: communes and government ownership?

Cultural Revolution and the making peasants the new HEROES!!!

Nationalist vs. Communists?

Genocide of the Jews?

Trotsky’s rival?

Used the youth to retain power?

Ended the Manchu dynasty?

Established the People’s Republic?

Jiang-Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek)?

Tiananmen Square— student protest

NationGermanyItalySoviet Union Leader Adolf HitlerBenito MussoliniJoseph Stalin Political Party NaziFascistCommunist Dates in Power Unifying Idea German “Master Race” (nationalism) Lebensraum (imperialism ) Rebuild the military (militarism) Rebuild the Roman Empire (nationalism and imperialism) Classless society Economic Policy Capitalist Communist: 5-year plan, collective farms Control TotalLess than totalTotal Terror Holocaust4,000 imprisonedGreat Purge

Similarities Ruled by a dictator—a glorified hero Allowed only one political party Emphasized total loyalty to the government and its leader Denied individual rights Censored the press and other media Used art, culture and mass communications to spread propaganda Encouraged a high birthrate and rewarded women who had many children Controlled people by terror—secret police

Drive for Empire After World War I, Italy, Japan, and Germany all sought to increase their might. Italy and Germany still suffered the effect of the war, and Japan wanted to further the power it had gained during wartime. By the 1930s, all three were led by military dictatorships in which the state held tremendous power and sought to expand that power by invading neighbor nations.

Japan Sought: natural resources, new markets for its goods, and room for population growth Conquests: – Manchuria, a Chinese province (1931) – Mainland China (1937) The Rape of Nanking: atrocities against Chinese— millions killed and tens of millions became homeless

Italy Sought: “New Roman Empire” Conquests – Ethiopia (1935) and Albania (1939)

Germany Sought: rebuild its army and assert its strength Conquests: – The Rhineland, between Germany and France (1936) – Austria (1938) – The Sudetenland, area of Czechoslovakia (1938) – Czechoslovakia (1939) – Poland (1939)