RNA Tumor Viruses - The Rous Sarcoma Virus Story Figure 3.2 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Retroviruses – The Very Short Course

Reteroviruses – Basic Structure Fields Virology by Knipe et al 2007

Retroviruses & Their Replication Polyprotein (+ Integrase & Protease) Figure 3.17 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007) 5

All Employ Reverse Transcriptase

Retroviruses & Their Replication Polyprotein (+ Integrase & Protease) Figure 3.17 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Focus formation by an RNA Tumor Virus Normal Infected PC EM Figure 3.7a The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.8 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.19 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.20 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.21 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Figure 3.22 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Table 3.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Retroviral Insertion Has the Potential to Transform by Activation of Oncogenes Figure 3.23b The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

Table 3.4 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

DNA TUMOR VIRUSES

Replication & Variety of DNA Viruses SV40 Virion HPV 16 Virion Epstein-Barr Virus A Herpes Virus General scheme for Replication of ds DNA Viruses Figure 3.3 The Biology of Cancer (© Garland Science 2007)

SV40 – A Small DNA Tumor Virus in Permissive & nonPermissive Hosts

Hman Papilloma Virus (HPV) (More than 75 types) HPV 16 & 18 are most tumorigenic Outline of mechanism of HPV tumorigenisis Progression from cervical SIL to invasive cervical carcinoma typically takes many years.

The Promise of Global Cervical-Cancer Prevention Mark Schiffman, M.D., M.P.H., and Philip E. Castle, Ph.D., M.P.H. Cytologic screening has significantly reduced the rates of cervical cancer in many developed countries. However, cervical cancer remains a leading form of cancer among women living in low-resource regions of the world (see map) and often kills women at young ages  The current standard of cervical-cancer prevention requires three clinical visits: one for screening, one for a colposcopically guided (i.e., magnified) biopsy for women with abnormal screening results, and one for treatment of precancerous conditions. Single cytologic screenings are insensitive and do not provide sustained reassurance with regard to the risk of cancer. Program effectiveness is achieved by repeated iterations of the three-visit cycle, but such repeated testing is usually unachievable in resource-limited regions. Fortunately, as discussed by Goldie et al. in this issue of the Journal (pages 2158–2168), new practical options for cervical-cancer prevention are becoming available.

Some Herpes viruses can cause cancer EBV (Epstein Barr virus) : Burkitt’s Lymphoma; Nasopharangyel Cancer; some B cell lymphomas (LMP 1, 2 and others). Crucial interaction of environment and infection required for lymphoma induction. HHV8/KSHV (human herpes virus 8) Kaposi’s Sarcoma (LANA -latency associated nuclear antigen )

HBV’s Extraordinary genome and mode of replication Hepatitis B Virus Induced Liver Cancer HBV’s Extraordinary genome and mode of replication Knipe et al 2007