Mission Energy: Energy Efficient Cooling How Data Centre energy consumption and operating costs can be significantly reduced through readily available cooling techniques Moscow, 15 September 2009 Thomas Steinberg, Stulz GmbH, Germany Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

STULZ International Production Sites Air Technology Systems, Frederick/MD, USA STULZ S.p.A. Valeggio sul Mincio(VR), Italy STULZ GmbH Hamburg, Germany Air Technology Systems (Shanghai), China STULZ CHSPL (India) Pvt. Ltd., India Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

… and its qualified and professional partners – worldwide. Headquarter Find STULZ ... Germany Production Sites Germany Italy USA … and its qualified and professional partners – worldwide. India China Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

TOPICS Why Energy Efficient Precision Air Conditioning? Why use Free Cooling? Room Design for Optimal Energy Efficient Operation Typical Cooling Methods Dynamic Free Cooling® Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Why Energy Efficient Precision Air Conditioning? Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

The Need for Energy Efficient Data Centres The Australian, 17 June 2008 “It is estimated servers and data centres consumed about 61 billion kWh in 2006” “If the status quo continues, by 2011, data centres will consume 100 billion kWh of energy” “Data centres’ power and cooling infrastructure accounted for about half of the electricity consumption” “The use of economisers that take advantage of nature to help cool data centres is gaining traction in the US” “Data centre operator Equinix, says it saves up to 80% in annual cooling costs by using economisers in 8 of its 19 US facilities” Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Energy flow through the Data Centre Power Usage Efficiency Finally all leaves as Waste Heat Source: The Green Grid Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Strategic Choice for a Data Centre Energy efficient system with Low operating cost or Low capital cost system but with High operating costs CAPEX v OPEX ..…keep in mind: Your data centre uses energy all year round Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

…so: Why energy efficient cooling? YOU HAVE THE CHOICE: Save operating costs throughout the data centre's lifetime Get more IT capacity out of your data centre at a given available power by reducing the power used by secondary physical infrastructure Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

What is Free Cooling? “The ability to remove heat from a space without the use of a refrigeration process” Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Why use Free Cooling? Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Energysaving by reducting fan power consumption Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption FREE-COOLING Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption The Key Question is: Can we achieve the required room conditions without compressor cooling? Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Room Design for Energy Efficient Operation Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Room Efficiency Best Room Efficiency will be reached, if 100% of the cold air leaving the CRAC unit, passing through the data centre and returning to the top of the CRAC unit is entirely used to remove heat from the IT equipment. This means: No air leakage, no bypass air, no blockages & no misdirected air. Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Many possibilities to optimise the room - The basics for an efficiant operation Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Typical Data Centre Cooling Systems Traditional Air-Cooled or Water-Cooled DX Chilled Water: with Free Cooling chillers Traditional Glycol Free Cooling Free Cooling: with Dynamic Free Cooling Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Traditional DX Systems Some energy saving possible through EC fans A Type – Air-cooled DX G Type – Water/glycol cooled DX Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

The air needs to be “moved” 8760 hours per year Therefore “state of the art” technology is essential : The EC Fan -30% -20% -10% Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

EC fan and Part Load Behavior 1/2 Airflow 1/8 Absorbed Power Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Chilled Water: with Free Cooling chillers CW Type – Dual Coil Large energy savings through EC Fans and CW standby management CW Type – Single coil Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Stand-by Management (with EC fans) Sample: 3x ASD1500CW At 24°C/50% with 7/12°C water incl. 1/3 standby capacity Airflow: 2x 29.000 m³/h Fan absorbed power: 2x 8,0 = 16,0 kW Lpa,2m = 2x 59,7dBA = 62,7dBA Standby 2x 112,1 = 224,2 kW net sensible Airflow: 3x 19.000 m³/h Fan absorbed power: 3x 2,3 = 6,9 kW Lpa,2m = 3x 50,8dBA = 55,6dBA 3x 75,1 = 225,3 kW net sensible Benefits: Considerable energy savings Reduced noise levels => Energy savings: 9,1 kW x 8760h x 0,13 = 10.363 €/year @ 0,13 €/kWh => Noise reduction: -7,1 dBA Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

‘GE’ Glycol Free Cooling Significant energy savings in low ambient temperatures through a secondary free cooling coil. GE Type – Water-cooled DX + Free Cooling Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Dynamic Free Cooling® Control System Automatic adaptive control of the most energy efficient mode of cooling Energy Consumption DX Compressor Cooling MIX mode Compressor & Free Cooling EFC Extended Free Cooling FC Free Cooling Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Stulz Dynamic Free Cooling® Automatic Modular C7000 CONTROL SYSTEM Adaptive Turnkey Solution Scalable “18-2400kW” Space Efficient Integrated Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Key Element – Indirect Free Cooling System Benefits: + Independent to Outside Air Quality + Independent to Outside Air Humidity + Less Maintenance Direct vs. Indirect Free Cooling? Direct free Cooling means cooling the room/equipment directly with outside air. Direct Free Cooling is common practice in low capacity telecom shelter applications with reduced requirement on temperature and humidity. Indirect Free Cooling means using cold outside air for cooling water by using dry cooler to a level where it can be used for room cooling with chilled water cooling coils in the CRAC units. Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Key Element – Dynamic Component Control Benefits: + Minimised overall power consumption + Highest possible system efficiency + Save €$€$ €$€$ €$€$ €$€$ Dynamic Component Control means: CRAC controller C7000 controls all active components as there are Dry cooler fans, central pump, unit fans, compressor, free cooling valve, head pressure control valve depending on outdoor temperature and room load status to minimise overall power consumption. Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Key Element – Free Cooling Standby Management Benefits: + Energy Saving On Unit Fans + Improved Supply Air Distribution + Reduced Noise Level Free Cooling Standby Management means: During Free Cooling Mode all units are in operation sharing the total required airflow to all units incl. standby unit. This results in results in reduced fan absorbed power for the same total airflow thanks to the CUBE LAW. In case of any unit fault remaining units ramp up fan speed to ensure total airflow. 100% 100% OFF CUBE LAW P2=P1x(n2/n1)^3 66% 66% 66% Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Key Element – Dynamic Water Temperature Benefits: + Dynamic adaptation of free cooling mode on room part load status + Reduced total absorbed power Dynamic Water Temperature means: Traditional indirect free cooling systems operate with a fixed water temperature set point for free cooling, even if it not necessary due to room part load. The variable water temperature, always at the highest possible value to ensure required capacity, leads to increased number of hours in free cooling mode. Load: 80% 13°C Shanghai: +3°C water temp. means 44 days more free cooling Load: 100% 10°C Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Key Element – Dynamic Water Temperature Load Status Load (kW) Required water temp. °C* Reached at outdoor Temp °C* FC&EFC hours (% of year)** Full Load 500 10,4 7 23% 80% Load 400 13,1 11 35% 60% Load 300 15,8 14 45% 40% Load 200 18,4 17 54% * these values depend on the system selection only ** these values depend on the local weather profile. This example refers to Shanghai. Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Regions for Free Cooling Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

The Location – Influence of the weather profile MIX & Free Cooling Compressor Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Examples Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Example1: Traditional Air cooled vs. Stulz DFC CAPEX +32% OPEX -56% PER YEAR Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Example1: Traditional Air-cooled vs. Stulz DFC € 220.000.-Cost reduction Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Example1: Traditional Air-cooled vs. Stulz DFC Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Example 2: Chilled Water vs. DFC (300kW) CAPEX: +70% OPEX: -60% 10 year Savings= €570.000 Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Example 2 : Chilled Water vs. DFC (300kW) Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Comparison of Systems ENERGY CONSUMPTION: Traditional DX units 100% ENERGY CONSUMPTION: Free Cooling Chiller Solution 70% ENERGY CONSUMPTION: STULZ Dynamic Free Cooling 40% Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Summary Eliminating compressor operation is a significant factor in reducing data centre operating costs Optimizing the air path within a data centre greatly increases the efficiency of the cooling Only ‘indirect free cooling’ systems truly satisfy the environmental control requirements of a data centre Stulz’s Dynamic Free Cooling® is the only truly ‘off the shelf’ technology to optimize every aspect of the cooling cycle for minimum energy consumption Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Thank you.. Stulz GmbH Thomas Steinberg Holsteiner Chaussee 283 22457 Hamburg, Germany Ph: +49 – 40 – 5585 337 Email: steinberg@stulz.de Web: www.stulz.com Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs