Introduction to information systems By: Dinesh Bajracharya Nepal
Organization Organization is a group of people working together to achieve some common goals and objectives. Different employees with different knowledge, skill level and experience work in the organization Employees of organization need reliable, complete, timely information to execute their tasks and activities.
Information system Information is a processed data. Everybody needs information to perform their tasks and activities. Information System: is a computer system which takes raw data as input, processes it using one or more modules (functions) and give information as output. Users provide feedbacks about the output given by Information system. Those feedbacks are incorporated by Information system.
Components of IS Data Hardware Software People Computer Network
Things to know about successful implementation of Information system Organization Management Information Technology Infrastructure
Strategic Role of information system Information System helps to execute different strategies easily by providing accurate, timely and complete information. Some of the strategies Find niche market Product differentiation Improving customer care and service
Information system for decision making process Decision is judgment given by someone about some problem or situation. Information system helps to make decisions Information system can help to understand problem situation Find different solutions with advantages and disadvantages for the problem
Types of Information System Nature and functioning of information systems differ from each other. Different managers of organization need different information to process business processes. Information systems are developed for specific purposes. Information system can be distinguished on Management hierarch Functional units of organization
Enterprise System Enterprise systems are information systems which integrate several functional areas of the organization and provide integrated view of the system. It takes data from several sources and feeds data to different applications to support proper functioning of organization’s internal business activities. Supply chain management, customer management system and knowledge management
Ethical issues that are raised by the use of information technology “ethics is concerned with the right or wrong behavior, actions of individuals or organizations” Information systems have facilitated organizations in may ways; but at the same time also have raised several ethical issues: Information right Property right: Responsibility, accountability and liability Quality of information system Life of users