Intro to Animal Science

Why study animal science ? Helps human meets their basic needs  Food  Shelter  Clothing  Emotional Well-Being

Why study animal science ? Specific needs animals meet for humans include: * Food * Clothing and non-food products * Work and draft (foreign) * Companion and recreation * Human health research

Clothing Raw products produced: wool, hair, hides, pelts Finished products produced: clothing, bedding, carpets

Non-Food Products Animal wastes: manure - used as fertilizer to increase crop yields - only fertilizer available in some areas - annual value estimated at $1 billion - can also be burned as fuel and heating

Non-Food Products Inedible Byproducts > Makes products such as soaps, lubricants, candles, paints, films, glues

Draft – U.S. 25 million horses in U.S. in 1920’s Tractor has replaced all but a few Now roughly 4 million horses, primarily for recreation

Draft – Developing Countries Up to 99% of ag power provided by draft animals More than 50% of countries of the world keep animals for draft - mostly buffalo and cattle - some horses, mules, camels, and llamas

Companion and Recreation Companion animals: dogs, cats, pets, horses, others U.S. companion animals -- about 26 million family owned dogs -- about 21 million family owned cats -- greater than 3 million tons of pet food sold annually

Companion and Recreation Recreation and sports = income for thousands and recreation for millions = rodeos, horse racing, dog racing, etc

Human Health Research Lab animals - Main reason is unethical to experiment on humans - Lower cost - Examples: ??? - Hot topics right now include reproductive work and DNA analysis

Major Domesticated Species Divided into two categories: = Ruminants – mammal whose stomach has four parts = Nonruminants

Ruminants Cattle Sheep Goats Buffalo Camels Yaks Llamas

Nonruminants Chickens Swine Turkeys Ducks Horses Asses Mules

Ruminant Animal Uses Cattle: meat, milk, and hides Sheep: wool, meat, milk, and hides Goats: milk, meat, hair, and hides Buffalo: draft, milk, meat, hides, bones Camels: draft, riding Yaks: packing, riding, draft, meat Llamas: milk and hides

Ruminant Animal Leading Countries Cattle: Sheep: Goats: Buffalo: Camels: Yaks: Llamas: India, Brazil, US Australia, China, New Zealand India, China Somalia, Sudan Russia, Tibet South America

Nonruminant Animal Uses Chickens: meat, eggs, and feathers Swine: meat Turkeys: meat, eggs, feathers Ducks: meat, eggs, feathers Horses: draft, riding Asses: draft, packing, riding, meat Mules: companion animals

Nonruminant Animal Leading Countries Chickens: Swine: Turkeys: Ducks: Horses: Asses: Mules: China, U.S., Brazil China, U.S. U.S., France China, Vietnam China, Mexico China, Ethiopia China, Mexico