Betsy Reardon GEO 387H: Physical Climatology

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Presentation transcript:

Beyond Habitat Selection: Physiological Responses of Species to Climate Betsy Reardon GEO 387H: Physical Climatology Literature Review Presentation Professor: Dr. Zong-Liang Yang

Presentation Outline Introduction to Ecology/Biogeography Climate Envelope Models vs. Mechanistic Models Key Life History Features and Their Relationship to Climate Conclusions

Introduction What is Ecology? What is Biogeography? Species Ranges and Range Limits

Juniperus communis – Common Juniper http://www.conifers.org/cu/ju/communis

Introduction What is Ecology? What is Biogeography? Species Ranges and Range Limits Future Predictions about Range

Climate Envelope Model Based on Ecological Niche Theory Hutchinson 1957 Define Current Range Determine Correlative Environmental Variables Attempt to Anticipate Future Spatial of Environmental Variables Species Track Environmental Variables

Climate Envelope Model Based on either presence-absence data or abundance counts Assume full range information with comprehensive data Assume capturing all significant environmental variables Attempt to not “Over-Fit” the data

http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol4/iss1/art1/figure2

Mahogany Jerusalem Cricket in Southern California Mahogany Jerusalem Cricket in Southern California http://www.bio.sdsu.edu/eb/avanderg/pitfall_locations2.jpg

Mechanistic Model Identify relationship between key biological events and climate Predict physiological responses to climate change Forecast future range boundaries

Key Life History Features Migration Sex Determination Phenology Reproduction

Migration Triggers classically studied as either temperature or lighting variations Suggest relationship to large-scale global climate phenomena Ex. North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) Huppop and Huppop (2003)

http://www.bird-friends.com/pics/BlackThroatedBlueWarbler

http://www.fws.gov/arrowwood/pothole.html

Sex Determination Human sex determination is based on sex chromosomes Most reptile sex determination is based on environmental controls

http://i1.treknature.com/ 2ºC shifted from normal 4ºC beyond rebound

http://www.parkerriver.org

Phenology Study of the timing of biological events Use to study reaction of species to climate change Use to anticipate shifts in ecological relationships

Reproduction Commonly coupled with other life history events Reproductive success is dependent on climate

http://www.naturcymru.org.uk

http://www.marksphotos.nuttybird.net

Conclusions Essential links between key life history events and climate Rate of evolution and climate change Climate Envelop vs. Mechanistic Models