Plant Diversity Chapter 20

Why are plants important? MM edicine FF ood CC onvert abiotic to biotic CC reate habitats MM odify the climate SS tabilize the soil

Cladogram for plants

What adaptations allowed plants to come on to land? PP ollen grain CC uticle SS tomata mm ycorrhizae VV ascular tissue Xylem phloem

Diversity of Plants

Bryophytes Moss, liverworts, hornworts First land plants No true roots, stems, or leaves Contain no vascular tissue Rhizoids instead of roots Gametophyte is the dominant generation Require water for reproduction

Ferns Spore Bearing Plants Contains vascular tissue Evolved 350 million years ago Live in moist, acidic environments Created coal deposits Sporophyte dominant generation

Anatomy of a Fern Fiddlehead a baby frond

Gymnosperms conifers, cycads, ginkgos MMost ancient of the seed plants SSeeds lack protective outer coating

Conifers- evergreens Live in sandy soil, in a cool moist environment Roots spread out over a large shallow area Needlelike leaves covered with a thick waxy cuticle

Angiosperms The Flowering Plants 90% of all land plants Seeds are enclosed inside a protective fruit

Broken into two categories