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What's The Difference Between Roast Beef And Pea Soup? Anyone Can Roast Beef.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry : Mole Ratios to Determining Grams of Product At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1. Review the conversion of particles or grams to moles 2. Determine mole ratios from a balanced chemical equation 3. Determine the amount of product produced when given the amount of reactants

Review the Molar Mass of Compounds The molar mass (MM) of a compound is determined by adding up all the atomic masses for the molecule (or compound) ◦ Ex. Molar mass of CaCl 2 ◦ Avg. Atomic mass of Calcium = 40.08g ◦ Avg. Atomic mass of Chlorine = 35.45g ◦ Molar Mass of calcium chloride = g/mol Ca + (2 X 35.45) g/mol Cl  g/mol CaCl 2 17 Cl Cl 20 Ca 40.08a

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Calculations Moles molar mass Avogadro’s number Grams Moles Particles Everything must go through Moles!!!

Flowchart Atoms or Molecules Moles Mass (grams) Divide by 6.02 X Multiply by 6.02 X Multiply by atomic/molar mass from periodic table Divide by atomic/molar mass from periodic table

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Chocolate Chip Cookies!! 1 cup butter 2 eggs 1/2 cup white sugar 1 teaspoon salt 1 cup packed brown sugar 1 teaspoon vanilla extract 2 1/2 cups all-purpose flour 1 teaspoon baking soda 2 cups semisweet chocolate chips Makes 3 dozen How many eggs are needed to make 3 dozen cookies? How much butter is needed to make 6 dozen cookies? How many cookies could I make if I had plenty of everything but only had 1½ cups white sugar?

Cookies and Chemistry…Huh!?!? Just like chocolate chip cookies have recipes, chemists have recipes as well Just like chocolate chip cookies have recipes, chemists have recipes as well Instead of calling them recipes, we call them chemical equations Instead of calling them recipes, we call them chemical equations Furthermore, instead of using cups and teaspoons, we use moles Furthermore, instead of using cups and teaspoons, we use moles Lastly, instead of eggs, butter, sugar, etc. we use chemical compounds as ingredients Lastly, instead of eggs, butter, sugar, etc. we use chemical compounds as ingredients

Chemistry Recipes: #1 on Stoichiometry between 2 Compounds Looking at a reaction tells us how much of something you need to react with something else to get a product (like the cookie recipe) Be sure you have a balanced reaction before you start! Balance #1 on your worksheet!!  Example: 2 Ag + Cl 2  2 AgCl  This reaction tells us that by mixing 2 moles of silver with 1 mole of chlorine we will get 2 moles of silver chloride  What if we wanted 4 moles of AgCl?  10 moles?  5 moles?

Let’s sit down and figure this out!!

Mole Ratios These mole ratios can be used to calculate the moles of one chemical from the given amount of a different chemical Example: How many moles of chlorine are needed to react with 5 moles of silver (without any silver left over)? 2 Ag + Cl 2  2 AgCl 5 Ag Cl 2  5 AgCl

5 mol Ag Question Answer 2 Ag+ Cl 2  2 AgCl # moles of Cl 2 = x 1 mol Cl 2 2 mol Ag = 2.5 mol Cl 2

Mole-Mole Conversions 2.5 moles of Cl 2 would be how many grams? 2 Ag + Cl 2  2 AgCl 2.5 mol Cl 2 x g Cl 2 1 mol Cl 2 = g Cl 2

Try #2 Molar Mass of Fe(OH) 3 = g/mol

Now # 3… Molar Mass of SiO 2 = g/mol

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Stoichiometry : Mole Ratios to Determining Grams of Product Let’s see if you can: 1. Review the conversion of particles or grams to moles 2. Determine mole ratios from a balanced chemical equation 3. Determine the amount of product produced when given the amount of reactants

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Stoichiometry Continued:

Stoichiometry : Mole Ratios to Determining Grams of Product At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: 1.Determine the amount of product produced when given the amount of reactants

Mass-Mass Conversions Most often we are given a starting mass and want to find out the mass of a product we will get (called theoretical yield) or how much of another reactant we need to completely react with it (no leftover ingredients!) Now we must go from grams to moles, to mole ratios, and back to grams of the compound we are interested in.

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Remember This?? Atoms or Molecules Moles Mass (grams)

Moles of A  Moles of B Atoms or Molecules Mass (grams) Atoms or Molecules Mass (grams)

Practice Mass-Mole-Mass Conversion of Grams to Grams #1 How many grams of iron are required to make 86.7 grams of FeS Fe + S 8  FeS 8 Fe + S 8  8 FeS

Mass-Mole-Mass = 55.1 g Fe 86.7 g FeS x 1 mol FeS g FeS x 8 mol Fe 8 mol FeS x g Fe 1 mol Fe

How many moles of S 8 are needed? 8 Fe + S 8  8 FeS = mol S g FeS x 1 mol FeS g FeS x 1 mol S 8 8 mol FeS

Some Things Just Take a Lot of Work!!!

Stoichiometry : Mole Ratios to Determining Grams of Product Let’s see if you can: 1. Determine the amount of product produced when given the amount of reactants

Mass-Mole-Mass Now Try #2…

Don’t you just love these types of problems???