Chapter 9 Section 3

Leaves Stems Roots Vascular tissue Reproduce by seeds which contain embryo and stored food

Leaves trap LIGHT and make food through photosynthesis

A thin layer of cells on the upper and lower surfaces of a leaf May have a waxy CUTICLE coating the epidermis

Small openings in the epidermis that allow carbon dioxide, water, oxygen to enter and exit leaf.

Each stomata is surrounded by two GUARD CELLS that open and close it.

Contains CHLOROPLASTS where food is made

Loosely arranged cells

allow movement of materials between leaves and roots Usually above ground Support branches, leaves, and flowers May store food

HERBACEOUS – soft and green WOODY - hard, rigid, and woody

Roots collect WATER and nutrients from the ground Anchor plants so they don’t blow away May store food or water.

Xylem tissue Phloem tissue Cambium tissue

Transports water from the roots throughout the plant

Moves food from where it is made to other parts of the plant.

Vascular plants that produce seeds that are not protected by fruits Oldest trees alive

Have NO flowers Leaves are often needlelike or scalelike, evergreens

Conifers Cycads Ginkgoes gnetophytes

Produce male and female cones