© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto 2010 Energy Expo Hosted by National Grid NYSERDA Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach Tom Taranto
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Systems Approach plant efficiency: energy >> product Supply Compressors Filters / Dryers Piping Primary Storage Transmission Pipelines Filters / Dryers Secondary Storage Demand Machines / Process Point of Use Piping Filters / Dryers Storage Tanks Energy Product Power House / Compressor Room Manufacturing Plant / Production Floor Producers of Compressed Air Consumers of Compressed Air Produce Compressed Air More Efficiently Consume Less Compressed Air Total Energy Reduction Eliminate Irrecoverable Pressure Loss
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Systems Approach cost of ownership Equipment cost and maintenance cost represent only a small part of the total cost of operating a compressed air system. Electrical cost usually exceeds 75% of the total operating expense. Source: Compressed Air Challenge®
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Systems Approach energy flow Energy Input 100 kW 5% Motor and Drive Efficiency 80% Heat of Compression 5% to 10% Waste: Irrecoverable Pressure Loss Leakage Artificial Demand Inappropriate Use 10% to 5% Productive use
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Systems Approach demand side energy reduction 50 % Productive Demand 5% Excessive Pressure 10% Inappropriate Use 15% Artificial Demand 20% Leakage Loss
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reduce Air Demand Improve Compressor Control Systems Approach Reduce Air Demand Reduce System Pressure Improve Compressor Control
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach Compressed Air Efficiency Services
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Assessment of the Market for Compressed Air Efficiency Services
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Assessment of the Market for Compressed Air Efficiency Services Office of Industrial Technologies (2001) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - U.S. Dept. of Energy Oak Ridge National Labs Motor Market Assessment by XENERGY (1998) Pacific Gas & Electric “Compressed Air Market Transformation Program” (1999)
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Key Findings Awareness and concern for energy efficiency is low. Principal objective is consistent reliable air supply. Serious problems reported. 35% had shutdowns in past 12 months 21% were shutdown for 2 or more days
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reported Air System Problems
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Summary 71% Consistent, Reliable Performance - primary objective. Only 17% “mentioned” efficiency. 35% Have had serious problems this yr. Apply the Systems Approach
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach Identify Opportunities
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Operating Cost Identify Opportunities Compressed air – primary functions Power As an energy source to perform work Process Air becomes part of a process Control To stop, start or regulate the operation of a machine
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Identify Opportunities highest priority Reliability of the Production Process Deliver Energy to Production Stakeholder’s needs Reliable production – no production outages Maintain product quality – minimum scrap and rework Little energy concern if production is affected
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Identify Opportunities sustainable energy savings Comprehensive solutions Improve critical production end use applications Eliminate irrecoverable pressure loss Provide compressed air energy storage Optimize compressor control Solutions must be long term and reliable If production is interrupted the energy efficient solution will be abandoned in favor of the previous more energy intensive operation. Improving Performance Reducing Energy
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach Improve Performance Fix Leaks Reduce System Pressure
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Improve Performance point of use pressure profile Test Machine Flow Dynamic Demand What’s Wrong With This Picture?
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Improve Performance point of use pressure profile Validate Perceived High Pressure Pressure Gauges – Mechanical Damping
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Improve Performance point of use pressure profile
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Improve Performance point of use pressure profile Diagnostic Data ARPAC Wrapper
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Improve Performance point of use pressure profile Diagnostic Data - ARPAC Wrapper
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Improve Performance eliminate artificial demand 15% Artificial Demand Applying Pressure (PSIG) to an Orifice will Increase Flow Rate (SCFM)
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Improve Performance reduce leakage 20% Leakage Loss Establish Leak Repair Priority Leak Repair is Most Effective if Pressure is Controlled
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reduce Pressure optimize the pressure profile Demand side target pressure – lowest optimum pressure to support manufacturing Eliminate artificial demand Reduce compressor power 1% per 2 psig Identify perceived high pressure demand – they prevent system pressure from being reduced. Validate the need for high pressure Check for piping restrictions Determine the present operating pressure (at the point of use)
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reduce Pressure optimize the pressure profile If the need for high pressure is valid – do not let a small percentage of air demand cause the entire system to operate at high pressure. Consider other ways to serve the high pressure need Consider air amplifiers or booster compressors Consider a separate dedicated compressed air system
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach Inappropriate Use of Compressed Air 19
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Compressed Air is Expensive and Inefficient $250 to $500 per Million Cubic Feet (MMCF) 80% to 85% of energy is waste heat 1 hp air motor requires 7 to 8 Hp at compressor 8 hp / 100 cfm – low pressure blower 23 hp / 100 cfm – 100 psig compressor Alternate sources are frequently 1/3 the energy cost of compressed air Review Applications and Consider Alternative Energy Sources 19
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Abandoned & Malfunctioning Equipment 20
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Air Powered Vacuum – 25 hp 21
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Compressed Air Powered Cabinet Coolers 3300 watts input > 500 watts Cooling Refrigerated Cabinet Cooler 750 watts input > 500 watts Cooling Compressed Air Cabinet Cooler Refrigerated Cabinet Cooler 22
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Idle Machine w/ Blowing Tubes Wasting Air 23
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Air Operated Reciprocating Pump 24
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Chip Blowing w/ Compressed Air 25
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Air Motors Driving Ink Pumps 26
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Compressed Air Blowing Tube AIR NOZZLE 27
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air Air Powered Vacuum Generator VACUUM GENERATOR VACUUM CUPS 28
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air KEY Points – Inappropriate Air Use Compressed air is expensive and due waste heat at the compressor, an inefficient power source. Using high pressure 100 psig air (23 Hp/100 cfm) for low pressure 8 psig requirements (8 Hp/100 cfm) is inefficient. Review applications to investigate a more direct conversion of energy supply (electricity) to the application requirements. Abandoned and malfunctioning equipment should be eliminated or repaired. Air powered vacuums should be replaced with electric models if possible. 28
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Inappropriate Use of compressed air KEY Points – Inappropriate Air Use Air powered cabinet coolers use 70% to 80% more energy than small refrigeration units. Idle equipment should have compressed air automatically shut off whenever possible. Air operated piston pumps should be replaced with electric pumps if possible. Chip blowing applications can often use low pressure blowers and delivery devices. 29
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach Monitor & Maintain System Efficiency
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Monitor & Maintain System Efficiency management information Cost of compressed air is derived from reliably measured performance data. Energy performance and cost are reported to management. Compressed air demand of production operations is documented through airflow measurement and recording. The consistent, reliable, supply of compressed air is achieved. Performance measurement information shows corrective measures to optimize performance. Unscheduled downtime is minimized or eliminated. 40
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Monitor & Maintain System Efficiency management information Compressed Air Flow Measurement 34
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Monitor & Maintain System Efficiency management information 36
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach Summary: 2010 Energy Expo Hosted by: National Grid & NYSERDA
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reduce Compressed Air Operating Cost Using a Systems Approach Improve Performance – Consistent Reliable Air Supply Fix Leaks and Eliminate Waste Reduce System Pressure and Eliminate Artificial Demand Eliminate Inappropriate Use
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reduce Compressed Air Operating Cost Using a Systems Approach Target Pressure – Lowest Optimum Pressure Improve Generation Efficiency – with Efficient Trim Compressors Operate Multiple Compressors – Efficient Control Automation Monitor & Maintain System Efficiency – Management Reports
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach 2010 Energy Expo Hosted by: National Grid & NYSERDA
© 2008 Data Power Services, LLC By: Tom Taranto Reducing Compressed Air Energy Cost Using a Systems Approach 2010 Energy Expo Hosted by: National Grid & NYSERDA