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World War I U.S. Involvement UaE28&feature=player_detailpage

Reasons to go to War in Europe: I. Reasons to go to War in Europe:

Why go to war? The U.S. doesn’t really have an issue with anyone……at least at the start of the war. The U.S. tends to side with Great Britain and France due to past alliances. Great Britain works hard to gain American support. U.S. business and banks are providing economic support in the forms of goods and loans.

Drawn into the fight Sinking of the Lusitania. Zimmerman Telegraph. Public pressure. Protect business interests - capitalism.

Wilson asks for war..... Reluctant at first.”The world must be made safe for democracy…” April 2,1917 he asks Congress for a declaration of war. April 6, 1917 Congress gives approval for war.

Some are already at war. American Volunteer Corps. American Volunteer Corps. French Foreign Legion French Foreign Legion Canadian Forces Canadian Forces

II. American War Intervention and Strategy – John J. Pershing “Lafayette, we are here.” -J. Pershing.

Pershing Appointed by Wilson 1916 John J. Pershing is appointed by Wilson to lead the American Expeditionary Force (AEF). Pershing is the only qualified candidate America only has 370,000 trained and ready troops in April of 1917.

Strategy for success? Pershing stalls from June 1917 – October Pershing stalls from June 1917 – October Will not commit doughboys to the French war effort. Will not commit doughboys to the French war effort. Needs time for trained soldiers to arrive in Europe. Needs time for trained soldiers to arrive in Europe.

New Recruits

War - A brand new ball game. Trench Warfare. Trench Warfare. Machine Gun/Artillery. Machine Gun/Artillery. Airplane. Airplane. Chemical Warfare. Chemical Warfare.

Trenches Stalemate – when neither side in a conflict can win. Impossible to gain ground. Dig in and hold out. What to do with the bodies?

Machine Gun and Long Range Artillery

“The Vickers”

Field Artillery

Long Range Artillery

Airplane

Chemical Warfare Soldiers in a blind line. Mustard Gas Phosgene Gas Chloride Gas

Armistice is achieved U.S. stops the advancing Germans in France – Spring U.S. stops the advancing Germans in France – Spring German lines have crumbled by October German lines have crumbled by October Armistice signed, and on the “11 th hour of the 11 th day of the 11 th month” – the fighting ends Armistice signed, and on the “11 th hour of the 11 th day of the 11 th month” – the fighting ends U.S. Stats. 126,000 killed / 234,000 wounded U.S. Stats. 126,000 killed / 234,000 wounded

before and after French Village of Esnes

III. The Home Front What was going on inthe States? What was going on in the States?

Help out now! Selective Service Act of All men between years of age must sign up for military service. Conscription had never been required. This upset many Americans.

Government Organizes -Loyalty Acts of 1917 – “ensures common goal.” -Espionage Act *– punishment for helping the enemy. -Sedition Act – prohibited speech against the Government – censure mail. -Trading With the Enemy Act – limited commerce *later challenged and upheld by the Supreme Court Schneck v. United States (1919) “clear and present danger”

Government Organizes (cont) -War Industries Board (WIB) – Headed by Bernard Baruch (Wall Street Broker) - Set prices. - Controlled the flow of raw materials. Committee on Public Information (CPI) – Headed by George Creel (Journalist) - Sell the war to America. - Distribute posters and pamphlets.

What about John Q. Public? BondsBonds RationsRations Daylight SavingsDaylight Savings “Victory Gardens”“Victory Gardens”