The Changing Face of ILL: Patron-Initiated Borrowing and Traditional Interlibrary Loan Lynn Chmelir, Washington State University Nancy Nathanson, Orbis Cascade Alliance Sarah Beasley, Portland State University

Patron-Initiated Borrowing End user sends an electronic request directly to a lending library without staff mediation at the borrowing library.

Overview Part One: Books Orbis Cascade Summit Traditional Interlibrary Loan Part Two: Articles Article Supplier Analysis Project Innovative Interfaces’ Development Effort Orbis Cascade Alliance Council Decision Part Three: Efficiencies of patron-initiated borrowing

Orbis: Public and Private Institutions in Oregon and Washington First replication of OhioLINK: Patron-initiated borrowing via an Innovative Interfaces Union Catalog Institutional cooperation backed up by an excellent delivery service

Experience at Linfield College: Union catalog became the default catalog Large initial net borrower 97/98: 1,438 loans: 4% of consortium total 4,908 borrows: 13% of consortium total 3,470 net borrows Load leveling changed that 98/99: 8,028 loans: 10.6% of consortium total 6,385 borrows: 8.4% of consortium total 1,643 net loans Traditional Interlibrary Loan for books diminished sharply

Change in Net Lending:97/98 to 98/99

Cascade: Washington Public Institutions Central Washington University Eastern Washington University The Evergreen State College University of Washington Washington State University Western Washington University Another Replication of III’s OhioLINK software, now named INN-Reach Cascade Borrowing and Traditional Interlibrary Loan Chmelir, L. (2005), “Patron-Initiated Borrowing and Traditional ILL: the Cascade Experience.” Interlending and Document Supply. Vol. 33 No. 1, pp

ILL and Cascade Book Loans: 98/99-02/03 Traditional ILL down 21% Book transactions up 272%

Transactions for books: Up an average of 272% from 98/99 to 02/03

ILL and Cascade Book Loans 71% via Cascade in 02/03

ILL Copies: Remained virtually unchanged

Cascade Net Loans: 2002/03

Summit: Orbis Cascade Alliance Public and Private Institutions in Oregon and Washington

Transactions of Former Cascade Libraries via Summit

Cascade Libraries Growth in Patron-Initiated Transactions 00/01: 75,330 04/05: 190,975 5 year increase: 153%

Cascade Net Lending via Summit: 03/04:.92 Net Borrower 04/05: 1.02 Net Lender

Economies of Patron Initiated Borrowing: ARL Study in 2004 Higher fill rates Faster turnaround time Lower unit costs  Borrowing: $2.89 versus $17.50 (17%)  Lending: $3.27 versus $9.27 (35%) Jackson, M. (2004). Assessing ILL/DD Services: New Cost-effective Alternatives, with Kingma, B. and Delaney, T. Association of Research Libraries, Washington DC.

Patron-Initiated Article Requests? The CDMC Article Supplier Analysis Project Orbis Cascade Alliance October 2004: Council established the Collection Development and Manangement Committee January 2005: Council charged the CDMC to provide date to help it decide whether to enter into a development project with III to provide patron-initiated article delivery. They asked for information for a single month to answer the following questions: 1. How many journal articles were requested by Alliance members from within and outside the consortium? 2. How many of them could have been filled from within the Alliance? 3. How many libraries would have been able to supply each article? 4. Is there potential for load balancing for article requests? Deadline: mid-April, 2005

Data Collection Effort Developed a data collection form on Excel CDMC members acted as liaisons at their libraries Very short deadline Summit holdings records were messy, inconsistent, and difficult to interpret Everyone came through!