US Latinos, July 1, ‘07 --there are 45.5 million in US, In 1990, it was US Latino pop ranks second in the world, Mexico = 106.2, Colombia = 43, and Spain = we are 15% of the population million added since 7-1-’06 --since 7-1-’06, 50% of all people added to US population were Latinos --since 7-1-’06, US Latino population increased by 3.3%--fastest of any group Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘ % are of Mexican heritage --9% are of Puerto Rican heritage --3.4% are of Cuban heritage, roughly half live in Miami-Dade Co % are of Salvadoran Heritage --2.8% are of Dominican heritage, roughly half live in NYC Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘07 --Median age of Latino pop. is 27.6 yrs., whereas US pop. as a whole is There are 107 Latino males for every 100 females, whereas US pop. as a whole has 97 males for every 100 females --CA & TX have 48% of all Latinos, CA = 13.2 & TX = 8.6 million --LA Co. has 4.7 million Latinos, biggest in US, Harris TX & Miami- Dade, FL = 1.5, and Maricopa AZ has largest increase since ’05 at 71,000 --NM has the highest Latino pop. at 44%, CA & TX at 36%, AZ at 30%, NV at 25% Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘07 --TX’s Latino pop. Grew by 308,000 since 7-1-’06, the largest of any state, CA = 268,000, FL = 131,000, & AZ = 102, states have at least half-million Hispanics: AZ, CA, CO, FL, GA, IL, MA, NV, NJ, NM, NY, NC, PA, TX, VA, & WA --In 20 states Hispanics are the largest minority: AZ, CA, CO, CT, FL, ID, IA, KS, MA, NE, NV, NH, NJ, NM, OR, RI, TX, UT, WA, & WY --Starr Co., TX has the highest proportion of Latinos = 97%, each of the 11 counties with the highest Hispanic proportion of the total population are in TX Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘ million Hispanic grandparents who are in the labor force & are also responsible for most of the basic needs of there grandchildren million Hispanic households in the US: 62% include children younger than 18 yrs.; 67% consist of a married couple; 44% have a married couple with children younger than 18 yrs. --66% of Hispanic children live with two married parents --25% of total Hispanic population is younger than 5 yrs Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘07 --There are 38 million Hispanics 5-yrs. and older that speak Spanish at home, roughly 78% of Hispanics 5-yrs. or older --29% of ALL TX & NM residents 5-yrs. and older speak Spanish at home, nationally, the figure is 12% Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘07 --Hispanics represented 11% of ALL college students in ’06, in elementary and high school, the figure is 19% --60% of Hispanics 25-yrs. or older have a high school education, --13% of Hispanics 25-yrs. or older have at least a bachelor’s degree, or 3.3 million 18-yrs. or older, up from 1.7 million in ,000 Hispanics 25-yrs. or older with advanced degrees Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘07 --The median income of Hispanic households is $37,781[’06] --The poverty rate for Hispanics is 20.6%[’06], down from 21.8% in ‘05 --The percentage of Hispanic households without health insurance is 34.1%[’06], up from 32.3% in ‘05 Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘ % of Hispanics 16-yrs or older are in civilian labor force [’06]: --24% in service occupations --22% in sales and office occupations --18% in production, transportation, and materials moving occupations --17% in management, professional, or related occupations --17% in construction, extraction, maintenance & repair occupations --2% in farming, fishing, and forestry occupations --82,500 Hispanic chief executives --46,200 physicians & surgeons -- 53,600 postsecondary teachers --43,00 lawyers Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘07 --There were 1.6 million Hispanic-owned businesses in US in ’02 --There are 29,168 Hispanic-owned firms with receipts of $1 million or more --Rate of growth of Hispanic-owned businesses was TRIPLE [31%] the national average between ’97 to ‘02 --$222 billion was revenue generated by Hispanic- owned businesses in ’02, up 19% since ’ % of Hispanic-owned businesses were owned by Mexican, Mexican-American, or Chicanos Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, Aug 13 ‘ million Hispanics voted in the ’04 presidential, while 9.8 million voted in ’08, a 28.4% increase or 2.2 million new voters [a 15.1% increase for African American voters and a 0.5% increase for non-Latino Whites] -Florida has the largest percentage increase— 48.9%--from 824,000 to 1.2 million --California has the largest number of Latino voters, 3 million in ’08 vs. 2.1 million in ’04, a 42.3% increase million Hispanics voted in the ’06 congressional elections Source: Immigration Policy Center, August 13, 2009

Growth of WI’s Hispanics Between 2000 and 7-1-’07, Wisconsin’s population grew by 238,000 [4.44%] and of those, 78,900 were Hispanics, representing 33% of the total growth. The Hispanic population grew by 41%, almost ten-times the rate of the entire state—In Milwaukee Co. the growth rate was 33.6% Source: US Census, July

Census Data, WI Hispanics --Pop. Estimate in 2007 = million --Hispanic Pop. Estimate in ’07 = 268,000, 5.0% of state’s population --WI Latinos represent 0.6% of US Latino pop. --65% of WI Latinos are Native-Born --Median age of WI Latinos is 24-yrs….16 for Native-born and 32 for foreign-born [non-Hispanic whites = 40-yrs ] Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

US Latinos, July 1, ‘ % are of Mexican heritage % are of Caribbean heritage: --8.6% = Puerto Rican --3.3% = Cuban, roughly half live in Miami-Dade Co % = Dominican, roughly half live in NYC --4.9% are of South American heritage --4.9% are of “other” Hispanic heritage --3.4% are of Central American heritage --Vast majority are from El Salvador Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

Census Data, WI Hispanics --43% of WI Latinos [15-yrs & older] are married --38% for native-born --48 for foreign-born --56% for non-Hispanic Whites --10% of all births in WI were to Latina women --Annual personal earnings of WI Latinos is $21,048 --Non-Hispanic Whites = $29,446 --Non-Hispanic Blacks = $19,226 Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

Census Data, WI Hispanics --19% of WI Latinos [17-yrs & younger] are in Poverty --9% of non-Hispanic Whites --45% of non-Hispanic Blacks --15% of WI Latinos [18-yrs to 64] are in Poverty --3% of non-Hispanic Whites --26% of non-Hispanic Blacks --7% WI K-12 enrolled students are Latinos --30% of WI Latinos only speak English at home --70% of WI Latinos speak other than only English at home Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

Census Data, WI Hispanics --Milwaukee Co Pop. Estimate is 951,252 --Milwaukee Co. Hispanic Pop. Estimate in ’07 is 110,057, 11.6% of Co., representing 12% of county’s pop. --From 2000 to 2007, Milwaukee Co. pop. grew by 11,100, while Latino pop. grew by 27,600 --Between 1990 and 2000, Milwaukee Co. pop. declined by 19,000, while Latino pop. grew by 37, 700 Source: US Census, July 9, 2008

WI County Hispanic Pop., ‘07 --Brown = 14,077, up 61.8% from ’00 & 5.2% of total --Dane = 23, % 8.5% --Kenosha = 15, % 5.6% --Milwaukee = 110, % 40.2% --Outagamie = 4, % 1.2% --Racine = 19, % 7.1% --Rock = 9, % 3.6% --Sheboygan = 5, % 2.0% --Walworth = 8, % 3.2% --Waukesha = 12, % 4.7% TOTALS = 223, % 82.1% Source: US census

Distribution of WI’s Hispanics ____ All Latinos87,609192,921 (120.2%) Mexicans56,903126,719 (122.7%) [65%] [65.7%] Puerto Ricans17,813 30,267 (69.9%) [20.3%] [15.7%] C.A., Cuba, R. D. 3,750 7,123 (89.9%) [4.3%] [3.7%] So. Amer./Others 9,134 28,812 (215.4%) [10.4%] [14.9%] Source: US Census

MPS Enrollment of Latinos, Total MPS enrollment [86,815 = ’07-’08] declined by 13,000 or 13% since 1998-’99 School EnrollmentPercentPercent Yearof TotalIncrease , % , % 6.7% , % 4.5% , % 6.4% , % 5.7% , % 5.3% , % 2.6% , % 3.3% , % 1.7% , % 0.7% Source: WINSS Successful School Guide website, Department of Public Instruction, WI

MPS Latino Teachers, FTE’s Year |Latinos | Total MPS |Female |Male |Total|________________ (5.4%)* 5, (5.5%) 6, (5.8%) 5, (6.2%) 5, (6.4%) 5,420 *--Percent of total MPS teachers Source: Statistical Information Center - School Staff and Salary Data. website, Department of Public Instruction, WI

MPS Student/Teachers Ratio One [1] White teacher for every two [2] white students One [1] African-American teacher for every forty-eight [48] African-America students One [1] Latino teacher for every fifty-nine [59] Latino students Source: Statistical Information Center - School Staff and Salary Data. website, 2004, Department of Public Instruction, WI

Percent US Latino, 1980

Percent US Latino, 2000

Latinos and The Census Is it Race or Ethnicity? Race (one-race); No Data Collected for Latinos Race (one-race);Spanish Origin Yes or No Race (one-race); Spanish/Hispanic Origin Mex/PR/Cuban/Other Race (one-race); Hispanic Origin Mex/PR/Cuban/Fill-in-the-Blank Race (multi-race); Hispanic/Latino Mex/PR/Cuban/Fill-in-the-Blank “Latinos Can be of Any Race”

American WhiteBlackIndianAsianOther2+ Races United States 16,839,535654,510356,783140,04614,989,3722,258, %1.9%1.0%0.4%42.5%6.4% Wisconsin 85,9043,5063, ,42815, %1.8%1.9%0.4%42.6%8.3% Latinos Challenge the American Racial Paradigm Almost Half of Latinos Do Not Define Themselves in Classic American Racial Terms

Review Questions 1.) Why is Latino population growing so much? 2.) What percent of the WI population are Latinos? 3.) What is the country of origin of Latino? 4.) Is there a shortage of Latino teachers? Why? 5.) What % of the total US Latino pop. live in WI? 6.) What can we conclude of the census “box” choices of Latinos?