Matter
Matter is everything around you, including you! What is matter? Matter is everything around you, including you! Matter is what all things are made of.
Matter has 3 forms. 1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas
Solids A solid has its own shape. A solid does not change unless you cut, bend, or break it. Solids take up space and have mass.
Liquids Liquids do not have their own shape. Liquids take the shape of their container. Liquids take up space and have mass.
Gases Gases have no definite size or shape. Gases take the shape of its container. A gas will fill all the space inside a container. Gases take up space and have mass.
Mixtures: A mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties This is a physical blending, not a chemical blending. Composition of the mixture can vary Can be physically separated
Heterogeneous & Homogeneous Mixtures: Heterogeneous Mixture- one that does not blend smoothly throughout and which the individual substances remain distinct Examples: Sand and Water, Oil and Water, Cement Homogeneous Mixture (Solutions)- has constant composition throughout; it always has a single phase Examples: salt water, vinegar, alloys
METHODS OF SEPARATING MIXTURES Magnet Filter Decant Evaporation Centrifuge Chromatography Distillation
FILTRATION A technique that uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid
DISTILLATION A technique that is based on differences in the boiling points of substances
CRYSTALLIZATION A technique that results in the formation of pure solid particles of a substance from a solution containing the dissolved substance
CHROMATOGRAPHY A technique that separates the components of a mixture on the basis of the tendency of each to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material
ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS Elements- are the simplest form of matter that can exist under NORMAL laboratory conditions Cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means Are the building blocks for all other --substances Compounds-are substances that can be separated into simpler substances by chemical means