Mixtures.

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Presentation transcript:

mixtures

The organization of Matter mixtures heterogeneous homogeneous Pure substances Elements Oxygen, iron Compounds Salt, sugar

Classification of Matter A. Pure Substance Composition is always the same, whatever the source…never varies Element – Simplest form of matter Made up of identical atoms All listed on PTOE (92 natural) Au, Na, O2, S8 are all elements Cannot be broken down

Classification of Matter Pure Substance Compounds Combination of more than one type of element joined by bonds (CO2, NaCl) Components separated by chemical rxn Represented with a chemical formula Letters indicate type of element Subscripts tell how many

Classification of Matter Pure Substance Molecule – combination of more that one atom held by covalent bonds (all elements in a molecule are nonmetals) O2 is a molecule of the oxygen element O3 is a molecule of the oxygen element CO2 is a molecule and a compound NaCl is NOT a molecule but a compound

MIXTURES A. Definition of Mixture - combination of pure substances that retain their properties B. Types of Mixtures 1. heterogeneous - individual substances are distinct (composition is not uniform throughout) a. examples – sand, vegetable soup 2. homogeneous - individual substances are not distinct (uniform composition throughout) a. examples - solutions

MIXTURES B. Types – 2. homogeneous __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ type of solution examples solid – liquid sugar water, salt water ___________________________________________ gas – liquid carbonated beverages ________________________________________________________ liquid – liquid alcohol, vinegar gas – gas air _______________________________________________________ solid - solid alloys (metal + metal)

Classifying Matter Mixtures Combination of two or more pure substances Composition of mixtures varies from source to source Components can be separated by physical means (magnet, filter, distillation) No chemical formula List of ‘ingredients’

Classifying Matter Mixtures Homogenous Mixtures Uniform composition throughout one sample Also known as solutions Solutions can be solid, liquid or gas Aqueous solutions have water as solvent

Sometimes you need additional information

Classifying Matter Mixtures Heterogenous Mixture Composition varies within one sample

Mixtures-bozeman https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEoQ6TNLJl8

Tyndell effect The Tyndall effect, also known as Tyndall scattering, is light scattering by particles in a colloid or particles in a fine suspension. It is named after the 19th-century physicist John Tyndall. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r4MVEpS0tvk

Aluminum Paper Gold Orange juice Fruit on the bottom yogurt Iced tea Diamond Air Octane (C8H18) Glucose Oil and water Hand lotion