States of Matter / gas Solid Solids – shape and volume don’t change (definite or fixed) Liquids – volume doesn’t change but takes shape of container Gas – takes volume and shape of container; compressible (can press particles closer together)

Mixtures vs Pure Substances Mixed together Substances retain their properties Heterogeneous (different composition – can see the different components) Homogeneous (same throughout) called solutions; dissolving Chemically combined Elements (on periodic table) ex. Li Compounds (more than one element in same formula) ex. NaHCO3

Examples Salt water CH3OH Dirt Copper (Cu) Salad NaC2H3O2 Mixture (homo) Pure (compound) Mixture (hetero) Pure (element)

Graph Temperature Boiling Point? 100 Freezing Point? State at 105o C? State at 105o C? Gas

Properties Physical - can be observed or measured Examples: Odor Color Mass Boiling Point Chemical - ability to undergo a chemical reaction - creates a new substance (new identity) Examples: Ability to rot Ability to burn Corrosive

Changes Physical - change in appearance - change in state of matter Examples: Melting Crushing Dissolving Chemical - creates a new substance (with new properties) - chemical reaction Examples: Burning Rusting

Changes Tarnishing Condensing steam Making coffee Chemical Physical