WELCOME BACK! Please copy down your homework in agenda Homework: Rome worksheet due next class

Introduce Rome Unit/Essential Questions Roman Republic and Punic War Notes Ancient Rome Map Activity Rome Timeline Work

Describe the social structure of Rome. What is the difference between the Centuriate and Tribal Assemblies? What were the Twelve Tables? What was the major result of the Punic Wars?

Roman Republic

Greeks established 50 colonies (settlements) in Italy These cities became busy with trade Brought Italy and Rome in closer contact with Greece Greeks taught Romans how to grow grapes and olives

The Alps and the Mediterranean Sea provided protection for Rome

According to legend, Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus (twin brothers)

As you read, highlight or underline the important information about the beginnings of Rome! After you read… create a drawing or short poem representing the myth on the back of the reading

Rome was built on seven rolling hills at a curve on the Tiber River This strategic location in the middle of the Italian Peninsula gave Rome fertile soil.

In the beginning 3 groups inhabited Rome: 1. Latins 2. Greeks 3. Etruscans

Native to Northern Italy They were skilled metalworkers and engineers Strongly influenced Roman civilization

Patricians  rich landowners who inherited their power and social status; held most of the power in Rome Plebeians  commoners, artisans, and merchants who made up the majority of the population; citizens who could vote, could not hold important government positions Slaves  captured peoples during the wars; made to work on the latifundia, huge estates; were one-third of the population

PatriciansSlaves Plebeians

Patricians and plebeians were both considered citizens, however voting rights were granted only to free-born male citizens Slaves in Rome were not considered citizens and had no rights in the government

Two Consuls  similar to kings, they commanded the army and directed the government power was limited because their term was only one year long and the a consul could not be re-elected for ten years one consul could always override, or veto, the other’s decisions

Senate  300 members, chosen from the upper class of Roman society, later plebeians were allowed in the senate; membership was for life Centuriate Assembly  all citizen-soldiers were members; a patrician-controlled assembly appointed the consuls and made laws; it had less power than the Senate Tribal Assembly  an assembly organized by the plebeians; elected the tribunes and made laws for the common people; later it won the right to make laws for the republic

Legal Code  plebeians forced the creation of a written law code; the laws were carved on twelve tablets, or table and hung in the Forum; the Twelve Tables established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law

Label the following: Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Tiber River Europe Asia Africa Color in the following: Roman Republic- 265 BCE Roman Empire- 117 CE Then answer the following questions: 1. Why would the Mediterranean Sea have been important to Rome? 2. What problems might occur from managing such a vast empire?

Please place homework in the bin with your name on it! Complete warm-up #17 Write down your homework… Review all notes from 1 st semester!

The Punic Wars

Divided into infantry and cavalry 5,000 Soldiers Every citizen had to serve for 10 years

Divided into smaller groups of 80 men called a century

Roman power grew slowly and steadily Eventually conquered all of Italy

Rome was lenient to the people they conquered They were allowed to be full citizens if they lived on the Tiber Those who lived further away had citizenship but could not vote.

Eventually Rome and Carthage began to fight over trade in the Mediterranean Sea They fought 3 battles

Fought over Sicily for 23 years Carthage lost This was Rome’s first province

Carthage was led by HANNIBAL a brilliant general. He used 50,000 men, 9,000 cavalry and 60 elephants. To surprise Rome he went through the Alps

assembled an army of 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry, and 60 elephants with the intent of capturing Rome to surprise the Romans, Hannibal led his Carthaginian army on a long trek from Spain across France and through the Alps

Killed during the Second Punic War Left the Carthage warriors with no leader and led to their loss at Zama Roman general, Scipio, led the attack

During the Third Punic War, Carthage was no longer a threat to Rome, but Rome wanted to revenge all their deaths in Italy during the First Punic War Romans set the city on fire and sold 50,000 citizens into slavery

Spread Greco-Roman culture conquered Greece & Macedonia Expanded trade Changed the character of the Roman army guard large territory Created great wealth

You will be groups of 2 for this activity. You will be given small strips of events in early Roman history. Using context clues and your knowledge of early Roman history (from class and homework) to put these events in the correct order starting with the oldest. When you think you’re done, ask a teacher to check. Make adjustments until you are correct. When you have been told you are correct, you need to create the timeline in your notebook!