Pennsylvania Forest Review What Types of Biomes are in PA? What Types of Biomes are in PA? What is decomposition and why is it important? What is decomposition and why is it important? What can you tell me about % and $ that we benefit or get from our forests? What can you tell me about % and $ that we benefit or get from our forests? How is the Gypsy Moth a threat to our forest? How is the Gypsy Moth a threat to our forest? Mixed Deciduous Forest, Edge, Field, wetlands and ponds, Streams and rivers, and Neighborhood. Mixed Deciduous Forest, Edge, Field, wetlands and ponds, Streams and rivers, and Neighborhood. A valuable process that takes place on the forest floor. The breaking down! A valuable process that takes place on the forest floor. The breaking down! 5%-owned by Lumber industries. 30%-Government owned. 55 to 60%-PA covered by forest. 10% of PA’s work force. Over 5 billion generated for PA’s economy. 5%-owned by Lumber industries. 30%-Government owned. 55 to 60%-PA covered by forest. 10% of PA’s work force. Over 5 billion generated for PA’s economy. It is considered a pest and will defoliate our trees. It has spread to over 40 states already. It is considered a pest and will defoliate our trees. It has spread to over 40 states already.

Forest Stratification Emergent Emergent Tallest trees of the forest, sun and wind. Highest level. Tallest trees of the forest, sun and wind. Highest level. Canopy Canopy Roof of the forest, provides shade, birds, small mammals and insects. Roof of the forest, provides shade, birds, small mammals and insects. Understory Understory Provides shelter and habitats for larger mammals, birds, and insects. Where we find shrubs and small trees. This is the future of our forest. Provides shelter and habitats for larger mammals, birds, and insects. Where we find shrubs and small trees. This is the future of our forest. Forest Floor Forest Floor Lowest level, made up of dead leaves, grasses, and flowers. Provides a home for many things; small mammals, amphibians, and insects. Dead and decaying material. Lowest level, made up of dead leaves, grasses, and flowers. Provides a home for many things; small mammals, amphibians, and insects. Dead and decaying material.

Clear verse Selective Clear Cutting: Clear Cutting: Removes all trees, loss of habitat, must manually replace seeds, and many years to recover/rebuild. Inexpensive and not as time consuming. Removes all trees, loss of habitat, must manually replace seeds, and many years to recover/rebuild. Inexpensive and not as time consuming. Selective Cutting Selective Cutting Removes only selected trees, maintains habitat, environmentally friendly, natural regeneration, only a few years to recover/rebuild. More expensive and time consuming. Removes only selected trees, maintains habitat, environmentally friendly, natural regeneration, only a few years to recover/rebuild. More expensive and time consuming.