Final Year Project Electronic & Computer Engineering Student: Andrew Sweeney Supervisor: Dr. Peter Corcoran Design and Realisation of Experiments for an Embedded Linux Laboratory Class

Current 4 th Year Embedded Systems Course Reason for doing this project The goals of this project Become familiar with the basics of Linux and install Linux on a desktop PC Learn how to install and get RTAI working Run some basic programs to verify RTAI functionality Work through experiments and document for both supervisor and student Work through experiments and document for both supervisor and student

Real-Time Systems What is a real-time system? What is a real-time system? Hard real-time systems Hard real-time systems Soft real-time systems Soft real-time systems No real time interface on the Linux operating system No real time interface on the Linux operating system

RTAI Real-Time Application Interface Real-Time Application Interface Using new release rtai-3.4 Using new release rtai-3.4 RTAI comes with useful programs RTAI comes with useful programs

Verify RTAI functionality RTAI Testsuite RTAI Testsuite Latency Test Latency Test Switches Test Switches Test Pre-empt Test Pre-empt Test

Linux Distribution Chosen Linux Linux Ubuntu Distribution Ubuntu Distribution Advantages Advantages Installing kernel on PC Installing kernel on PC Creating a custom-made kernel Creating a custom-made kernel

Alterations for Custom Kernel What is the Hardware Abstraction Layer What is the Hardware Abstraction Layer Patch it directly onto kernel source code Patch it directly onto kernel source code Configure the kernel build differently Configure the kernel build differently Make slight alteration to the kernel Makefile Make slight alteration to the kernel Makefile

Loadable Kernel Modules What are Loadable Kernel Modules What are Loadable Kernel Modules Wrote in C programming language Wrote in C programming language Makefile to build each experiment Makefile to build each experiment Insertion and removal of the modules Insertion and removal of the modules

The Pure Periodic Scheduling of a Single Task Pure Periodic Scheduling Pure Periodic Scheduling The output of the experiment The output of the experiment How the task itself functions How the task itself functions

The Pure Periodic Scheduling of two Tasks Periodic scheduling of two tasks Periodic scheduling of two tasks The output of the experiment The output of the experiment How the task itself functions How the task itself functions

The Variable Periodic Scheduling of a Single Task One-Shot Mode One-Shot Mode How the task itself functions How the task itself functions The output of the experiment The output of the experiment

Experiment Using Semaphores What are Semaphores What are Semaphores Binary Semaphores Binary Semaphores Counting Semaphores Counting Semaphores What the task does What the task does Can load module with optional semaphores Can load module with optional semaphores How does the task function operate How does the task function operate

Ubuntu Live CD What is a Live CD What is a Live CD Purpose of a Live CD for this Project Purpose of a Live CD for this Project Progress with the creation of custom CD Progress with the creation of custom CD Problems Problems Solutions Solutions

Progress in the Project Installed Linux on computer Installed Linux on computer Installed Real-Time Application Interface Installed Real-Time Application Interface Got the first 3 out of first 4 experiments loading and one of the more advanced experiments also Got the first 3 out of first 4 experiments loading and one of the more advanced experiments also Created a Live CD of Ubuntu that will boot and fully function but not running of my kernel with built in RTAI Created a Live CD of Ubuntu that will boot and fully function but not running of my kernel with built in RTAI

Conclusion Learned a lot about Linux, the operating system and how it works Learned a lot about Linux, the operating system and how it works Gained a better understanding of how real-time systems work and how to implement it on Linux Gained a better understanding of how real-time systems work and how to implement it on Linux Know how to run real-time experiments on an RTAI interfaced kernel Know how to run real-time experiments on an RTAI interfaced kernel Overall was a huge learning experience and hope that the experiments may be used in the future Overall was a huge learning experience and hope that the experiments may be used in the future

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