IST rd OA-Forum Workshop - Networking Multimedia Resources | 27-29th March 2003, Berlin Technological Copyright Enforcement and Open Access Presentation by Volker Grassmuck, Helmholtz Center, Berlin Reported on by Diann Rusch-Feja International University Bremen 29 March 2003 OA Forum Workshop

IST rd OA-Forum Workshop - Networking Multimedia Resources | 27-29th March 2003, Berlin Goals of Technology in DRM Turning the Internet into an e-commerce environment Making Information behave like material goods Because Information is not exhaustable, the license restricts use or access to a time period and must be renewed if to be used again.

IST rd OA-Forum Workshop - Networking Multimedia Resources | 27-29th March 2003, Berlin First Generation Building Blocks Crypto-Wrapper – Licensing Restrictions – Local and only affects the software for allowing access to data IP-based access – access restricted to site or IP range

IST rd OA-Forum Workshop - Networking Multimedia Resources | 27-29th March 2003, Berlin Second Generation Building Blocks Object Identification – Metadata delivered with Object Subject Identification – Rights Locker on Server – Identification of Person Usage Vocabulary - Rights Expression Language (XrML) – Usage rights allowed with ownership Crpyto-Wrapper – Viewer / User gets digital key to unlock encrypted item for use (time bound??)

IST rd OA-Forum Workshop - Networking Multimedia Resources | 27-29th March 2003, Berlin Third Generation Second generations are dynamic, changing, and renewability of systems became important. Third generations have dual potential: they also allow controlling and collecting information about the use of the systems, as well as other cryptographic applications relating to the DRM. Crypto Infrastructure Hardware-based trust - TPCA – Trusted Platform Computing Alliance

IST rd OA-Forum Workshop - Networking Multimedia Resources | 27-29th March 2003, Berlin Conclusions Second Generation Technology is omnipresent Third Generation Technology is already in production: TCPA is integrated in the current IBM ThinkPad Microsoft Windows Longhorn is planned for 2005 release. Solution: Only if resistance builds up and the consumers refuse to buy these items, will some industry-related restriction to implementing this will be achieved.

IST rd OA-Forum Workshop - Networking Multimedia Resources | 27-29th March 2003, Berlin Some Discussion Points Creative Commons License – attempt to keep that kind of content completely out of the DRM world. If they make free contant compatible with the DRM structure, they would lend credibility to the DRM project. Yet is it feasible to take this sort of stance. There is a lock-in in thinking that the solution to the problem of copyright infringement and control was DRM. - What that leads to is a world filled with digital barbed wire It is the right of the author to determine what happens to his or her work.

IST rd OA-Forum Workshop - Networking Multimedia Resources | 27-29th March 2003, Berlin Discussion (Contd) One solution is to establishing the reason why the scientists still feel that they must publish in these journals and Working to change the reasons behind this (i.e., transformation of scholarly communication, such as building new peer review structures) Workable models – open source, self-archiving, Wiki- Pedia (everyone can edit any given page in an encyclopedia), etc. -> Open Science