© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting: Unit 10 Slide 1 Unit 10 Commercial Construction

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 2 Codes Building codes are more strict for commercial structures Codes regulate design, electrical, energy, fire, mechanical, plumbing, structural, and zoning The Uniform Building Code should be used to gain an ability in referencing

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 3 Occupancy Groups Occupancy groups specifies how the structure will be used A - Assembly-typeI - Institutional B – Non-hazardous businessM - Mercantile E - EducationalR - Residential F - FactoriesS - Storage H - Hazardous areasU - Utility

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 4 Design Building area refers to the size of a structure This is based on square-foot-sizes Once the type of construction is determined the type of materials are selected The materials also assist in determining the maximum height of the structure

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 5 Design Zoning ordinances and the building uses determine where it can be located Increasing space between buildings reduces fire hazards Closer buildings may require special fire resistant materials

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 6 Design Occupancy load is determined by a ratio of a room area to the specified code. Interior layout is completed after the exterior shape is determined. A fire path must be determined so there is easy evacuation if a fire exists.

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 7 Design Fire exit codes require at least two of the exits be separated by one-half of the diagonal of the area served. Exit doors must be at least 3’-0” wide. Hall width is a minimum of 44” wide.

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 8 Code Organizations 1999 BOCA UBC SBC IBC -

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 9 Steel Construction Steel studs meet requirements for Type 1, 2, and 3 construction methods  Designed for rapid assembly  Lightweight, noncombustible, and strong  Range in size from 3 5/8” to 10”  Produced with 12 to 20 gage steel  Specify as: 362SJ20 STEEL STUDS BY UNIMAST

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 10 Steel Construction Steel joists offer the same advantages over wood as steel studs  Nested joists are placed around another joist  Available in lengths up to 40’  Can support greater loads over longer spans  Specify as: 14K4 OPEN WEB STEEL O.C

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 11 Steel Construction Prefabricated steel structures are built in modular units with given spans, wall heights, and lengths Tapered members allow a minimum amount of material to be used Metal siding is screwed to girts to complete the wall The Manual of Steel Construction (AISC) is the code book for steel construction

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 12 Steel, Wood, & Concrete Construction American Institute of Steel Construction –  American Institute of Timber Construction  American Welding Society  Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute –  Steel Joist Institute 

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 13 Reading Drawings Floor plans are provided comparable to those on residential drawings. Electrical plans include separate plans for outlets, lighting, schematic diagrams, and exterior equipment.

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 14 Reading Drawings Acoustical ceiling tiles call for a reflected ceiling plan. Mechanical plans illustrate heating and cooling equipment and duct runs.

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 15 Reading Drawings Foundation plans are comparable to residential plans, except footings vary in size. Plumbing plans are divided into sewer and fresh water plans.

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 16 Reading Drawings Elevations are usually drawn at 1/8” = 1’-0” or smaller. Sections are used as a reference map on commercial drawings.  Drawn at 1/4” = 1’-0” Details are used to explain a specific area of construction.

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 17 Reading Drawings Roofs are typically made of truss and panelized systems. Interior elevations depend on the use of the structure.

© 2006 ITT Educational Services Inc. CD230 Architectural Design & Drafting II: Unit 10 Slide 18 Reading Drawings Site plans are similar to residential site plans  Include parking spaces, driveways, curbs, and walkways  Show water lines and meters, sewer laterals and manholes, and underground electric and communication wires