DISTRIBUTION OF ENDEMIC MAMMALS IN THE PERUVIAN YUNGAS Heidi Quintana & Victor Pacheco MUSEO DE HISTORIA NATURAL UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS LIMA - PERU

PERU The territory of Peru covers 1,285,256 km². It neighbors Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil to the east, Bolivia to the southeast, Chile to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

Extension: ha PERUVIAN YUNGAS Characteristics: The complex geology of the Andes has generated a landscape rich in biodiversity, endemism and unique ecosystems Elevation: 800 – 3600 m

MAMMALS

Endemism by Orders

METHODS

ORDERSSPECIES Rodentia29 Chiroptera4 Primates3 Artiodactyla1 Cingulata1 Didelphimorphia1 Paucituberculata1 40 Endemic Species 7 TYPE A TYPE B TYPE C

Habitat- Geographic Barriers Endemic Species LANDSCAPE ECOLOGICAL FACTORS Species Data RECORDS Tools

Polygons elaboration Compilation of Species Information (literature, museum records & observations) Polygons = Probable Distribution Create DataBase

TYPE A: POLYGONS Polygon around the species records Arc View 3

TYPE B: DEDUCTIVE MODEL Species records Altitudinal ranges – Digital Elevation Model (DEM) North and South limits Arc View 3

TYPE C: INDUCTIVE MODEL Environmental variables layer Elevation MODIS Arc View 3 Maxent (a statistical mechanics approach)

Bio2 (Mean Temperature Diurnal Range) Bio3 (Isothermality) Bio13 (Precipitation of Wettest Month) Bio14 (Precipitation of Driest Month) Bio15 (Precipitation Seasonality) Elevation Slope Topographic exposure Percent tree cover* Evi_pca1_5*: Principal component axis 1 of temporal MODIS EVI data Evi_pca2_5*: Principal component axis 2 of temporal MODIS EVI data VARIABLES *summarized within 5 km moving window

RESULTS

Distribution along the Yungas DEPRESION DE HUANCABAMBA DEPARTMENTS LIMITS Akodon aerosus

Distribution centered in the North DEPRESION DE HUANCABAMBA HUALLAGA RIVER Akodon orophilus

PERENE RIVER INAMBARI RIVER Oecomys phaeotis Central Distribution

INAMBARI RIVER DEPARTMENT LIMIT Distribution centered in the South Akodon kofordi

Sturnira nana Punctual Distribution

TAMBO RIVER DEPARTMENT LIMIT Carollia manu Exceptions:

Gracilinanus aceramarcae

PRIORITY AREAS Deductive Model Yungas Centrales de Bolivia Inductive model Norwest of Huánuco Above Inambari River Cordillera occidental de Vilcabamba Cordillera de Paucartambo

The species distribution model allows us to minimize errors by collecting specimens nearer to the roads and rivers. Identify the remote natural areas in which it is likely that a species is located, based on the characteristics that they share with previously sampled sites. The polygons around the points dont provide the necessary precision for regional conservation in Peru. CONCLUSIONS

THANK YOU! SCGIS Heidi Quintana Navarrete