MECHANISMS & CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NERVE TRAUMA Chapter 9 Review MECHANISMS & CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NERVE TRAUMA

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True/ False 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point Multiple Choice True/ False Bone Types Tissue Stresses Misc. Etc. 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points

A force that, with enough energy, crushes tissue is a force

A condition that has a gradual onset with diffuse tenderness, inflammation and usually crepitus of a tendon is called:

A condition that is characterized by pain and discomfort during and immediately after exercise?

The two types of muscle spasms are:

Calcium deposits in the muscle that result from repeated trauma is:

DOMS intensity peaks after 24-48 hours and then gradually decreases.

Ecchymosis is the bluish- purple discoloration of the skin usually after a contusion.

Avulsion fractures are common when bone tissue is weaker than the tendon or ligament attaching onto it.

A first-time dislocation should be treated as a possible fracture

Stress forces become concentrated where bones change shape and direction, leaving them prone to fracture.

Humerus, ulna, tibia, radius

Skull, ribs, scapulae

Wrist and ankle

Vertebrae and jaw

Most commonly injured type of bone Bonus Most commonly injured type of bone

2 force pairs act at opposite sides causing a concave/ convex shape

Loads caused by twisting in opposite directions

External loads applied towards one another from opposite directions

Equal but not directly opposite loads are applied towards each other

Force that pulls or stretches tissue

All of the following are qualities of a synovial joint EXCEPT: Does not move Lined with a synovial membrane Has a joint space Has a capsule or ligaments

All of the following are functions of bone EXCEPT: Hematopoiesis (blood cells) Body support Organ protection Mineral production

A fracture that occurs on the side opposite to the point at which trauma was initiated is a(n) fracture.

An incomplete break in the bone mostly seen in adolescents is a(n) ____________ fracture.

stretched tissue and inelastic scar tissue which forms The greatest difficulty with grade 1 & 2 sprains is restoring stability due to stretched tissue and inelastic scar tissue which forms

Dense white fibrous covering of a bone

Ends of the bone, provides area for muscle attachment

Hallow cylindrical part of a long bone, shaft

The property that allows tissue to return to normal after deformation is

When a load exceeds the ability of the tissue and tissue break down occurs it is

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The point at which the tissue is deformed and will no longer have elasticity is