DAML PI Meeting Status Briefing UMBC, JHU APL, MIT Sloan Tim Finin Jim Mayfield Benjamin Grosof February 12, 2002 tell register JHU APL Haircut retrieval system Communicating Agents XTalks Application testbed

Accomplishments n ITTALKS => XTalks as integrated applications using agent mediated services to disseminate event announcements l DAML+OIL as an agent communication language allows intelligent agents accept DAML+OIL event notifications and enter on users calendar if they match interests, location & schedule. l DAML+OIL ontology to represent distributed trust and belief n Retrieval l Retrieval using text, DAML+OIL, and RDF triples l Implemented retrieval-based ontology mapping (not yet enough DAML/text for general applicability) l Implemented SOAP-based retrieval and term relationship services n Preliminary representation of RuleML in DAML n Implemented DAMLATOR Apache module as an efficient, convenient translation engine for DAML+OIL accomplishments

XTalks XTalks supports database driven web site of talks and related. The database contains information on – Seminar events – People (speakers, hosts, users,…) – Places (rooms, institutions,…) – Topics (defined by DAML+OIL ontology) – Users interests, schedules and locations This database is used to dynamically generate web pages and DAML+OIL descriptions for the talks and related events. Notifications are sent to registered users and/or their agents via , SMS, WAP, and/or an ACL (e.g., KQML, FIPA) for events matching their interests, location and schedule. XTalks 1.0 available by CD or accomplishments

XSB DAML+OIL Reasoner ITTALKS agent Travel agent Calendar agent User agent Broker Agent Agent Name Server users daml profile mapquest MS Outlook ITTALKS app DAML reasoner Common agent infrastructure FIPA ACL API Communication protocol

Distributed Trust Delegation based model for distributed authorization and trust for use in both wired and wireless scenarios. l Focus on trust from security perspective l Building on concepts like authentication, authorization, role-based access control, public key infrastructure, digital signatures, authoritative sources of information, etc. Agents make speech acts about and reason over these properties and relations. l Grounded in an ontology represented in DAML+OIL Trust/security policies defined in DAML+OIL and by rules (in RuleML) l Requests for actions made by and to agents evaluated by reasoning using trust and security policy l Adding security to FIPA framework Applications To XTalks & mobile computing accomplishments

Interactive ontology mapper Allows users to create mappings between two ontologies which have URIs to text associated with classes and properties. Automates mapping process, taking into account hierarchical relationships and user- specified landmark mappings. Uses text classification to compute similarities between pairs of classes or properties. Used in XTalks to enable mappings between Alternative topic ontologies in DAML+OIL accomplishments

DAML and Text Retrieval n HAIRCUT retrieval engine augmented to use text, DAML, and RDF triples as indexing/query terms n Demonstrated retrieval-based ontology mapping l find text that characterizes DAML tag, then find other DAML tags with similar characterizations l Not yet enough DAML/text available for general applicability of this technique n SOAP query services over DAML crawler data available Services are affines (find related terms), lookup (search for documents)

Damlator translation engine n Extensible engine for DAML-encoded Semantic Web pages translation and caching l Currently supported output formats: u For humans: GIF and PNG u For agents: DAML, NTriples, Prolog terms l Caching supports scalability and efficiency n Incorporated as an Apache-module l Faster, application/user independent and system-wide availability l Accessed via n Similar to W3C RDF Validation Service l Uses Jena RDF/XML Parser, Apache Xerces, AT&T GraphViz n Available from accomplishments

DAMLator examples l Original file l Just the DAML markup l XSB/Prolog terms for triples l Gif of rdf graph, generated with GraphViz l Png of rdf graph, generated with GraphViz l Rdf in ntriple format

2002 Planned Activity n Xtalks 2.0 l Easily configured Personal Agents accept recommendations from XTalks agents and other agents about events of interest. l Extend ontology mapper beyond topic ontologies n Retrieval l Incorporate pre-indexing, pre-query and post-query inference l Use retrieval ranking to limit post-query inference n Rules l Jess reasoner for integrated DAML+OIL and RuleML based rules l Application to security/trust policy checking plans

XTalks Personal Agent XPA is a configurable personal agent which accepts FIPA messages from XTalks and other instances of XPAs as well as applications, e.g.Outlook. JADE platform Personal Agent Infrastructure Plugin Manager User Interface User Model COM Bridge Rule Engine Interface XSB Jess yajxb Xtalks Plugin Mapquest Plugin Buddy List Plugin External Plugins External World plans

Xtalks agents Xtalks System Xtalks Interface Xtalks Agent Mapquest Agent Personal Agent (1) FIPA Request Response Protocol FIPA Request Response Protocol Periodic querying Scenarios 1,2 Personal Agent (2) Personal Agent (3) Scenarios 3,4 1 – Xtalks Announcement 2 – User Agent Solicitation 3 – Buddy List 4 – Travel Planning plans Xtalks System

text Integrating Retrieval and Inference text Index Inference <triple 10. Inference Retrieval Engine Inference plans triples words daml tags rdf clauses

DAML Rules To be demonstrated by supporting the reasoning of a distributed trust scenario for establishing an agents permissions and obligations from descriptions (in DAML+OIL) of their properties and of the security and trust policy in force. DAMLRule Ontology DAMLRule Ontology DAML KB ( Facts + Rules ) represented in DAML DAML KB ( Facts + Rules ) represented in DAML Jess representation of facts & rules DAMLRules to Jess Converter Jess Engine Derived Facts Derived Facts represented in DAML Derived Facts represented in DAML Jess to DAMLRule Converter Jess to DAMLRule Converter plans

2002 Planned Deliverables n Xtalks 2.0 l XTalks 2.0 available on CD and download l Configurable personal agent works with XTalks agents and other personal agents l FIPA platform with distributed trust modules n Retrieval l Integrated retrieval over text and markup with inferencing l Demonstration of retrieval-ranked inference control n Rules l Demonstration of integrated reasoning with DAML+OIL and RuleML rules for security/trust policy checking deliverables

Metrics for measuring progress n Xtalks l Number of interacting/cooperating XTalks personal agents n Integrated retrieval l Percentage reduction in inferences when using retrieval rankings n DAML+Oil rules l Completeness of DAML+OIL reasoning l DIPS (DAML Inferences per second) on standard benchmarks metrics

Summary and Questions n Three areas: l Agent mediated applications and services l Retrieval using both text and semantic web markup l Representing and exploiting rules in DAML+OIL n XTalks as a fielded application testbed n Questions? summary

Papers Sasikanth Avancha, Anupam Joshi, and Tim Finin, Enhancing the Bluetooth Service Discovery Protocol, submitted IEEE Wireless Computing and Networking Conference, Orlando, March 17-21, Lalana Kagal, Jeffrey Undercoffer, Anupam Joshi, and Tim Finin, Vigil: Providing Trust for Enhanced Security in Pervasive Systems, October R. Scott Cost et.al., 'ITTALKS: A Case Study in DAML and the Semantic Web', IEEE Intelligent Systems Special Issue, 2002 Lalana Kagal, Jeffrey Undercoffer, Filip Perich, Anupam Joshi, Tim Finin, 'Vigil: Enforcing Security in Ubiquitous Environments', Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing, Lalana Kagal, Vladimir Korolev, Sasikanth Avancha, Anupam Joshi, Timothy Finin, 'A SmartSpaces Approach to Service Management for Pervasive Computing', Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing, Tim Finin et. al., Information Agents for Mobile and Embedded Devices, Fifth International Workshop Cooperative Information Agents, September 6-8, 2001 Modena, Italy. Lalana Kagal, Tim Finin and Anupam Joshi, Moving from Security to Distributed Trust in Ubiquitous Computing Environments, IEEE Computer, December Anupam Joshi, Timothy Finin, and Yelena Yesha, Agents, Mobility, and M-Services: Creating the next generation applications and infrastructure on mobile ad-hoc networks, Workshop on an Infrastructure for Mobile and Wireless Systems, Scottsdale, Arizona, October 15, appendix

Papers Olga Ratsimore, Vladimir Korolev, Anupam Joshi and Tim Finin, Agents2Go: an infrastructure for location-Dependent Service Discovery in the mobile electronic commerce environment, First ACM Mobile Commerce Workshop, July 21, 2001, Rome. R. Scott Cost et. al., ITTALKS: A Case Student in how the Semantic Web Helps, International Semantic Web Workshop -- Infrastructure and Applications for the Semantic Web, July, 2001, Stanford. Filip Perich et. al., ITTALKS: An Application of Agents in the Semantic Web, Workshop on Engineering Societies in the Agents' World, 7 July 2001, Prague. Lalana Kagal et. al., A Highly Adaptable Infrastructure for Service Discovery and Management in Ubiquitous Computing, May Lalana Kagal, Timothy Finin, and Yun Peng, A Framework for Distributed Trust, Workshop on Autonomy, Delegation, and Control: Interacting with Autonomous Agents, IJCAI-2001, Seattle, August, Lalana Kagal et. al., An Infrastructure for Distributed Trust Management, Workshop on Norms and Institutions in Multiagent Systems, Autonomous Agents 2001, Montreal, May 29, Lalana Kagal et. al., Centaurus: A Framework for Intelligent Services in a Mobile Environment, International Workshop on Smart Appliances and Wearable Computing (IWSAWC), Scottsdale, Arizona, USA, April 16, Harry Chen, Anumpam Joshi, Tim Finin, and Dipanjan Chakraborty, "Dynamic Service Discovery for Mobile Computing: Intelligent Agents meet Jini in the Aether", Baltzer Science Journal on Cluster Computing, Special Issue on Advances in Distributed and Mobile Systems and Communications, appendix