The Information Professionals Role in Product Safety Jack Leitmeyer Director, Adverse Experience Information Management Worldwide Product Safety Merck & Co., Inc.

Agenda Importance of Safety Surveillance Regulatory Requirements Role of the Adverse Experience (AE) Information Professional Future Opportunities

Importance of Safety Surveillance Compliance with Government Laws and Regulations Timely and Accurate Monitoring of the Safety Profile of Products Limitation of human data in clinical trials Small study populations Restricted enrollment Limited long term safety data Widespread use of the product in the post-marketing environment Benefit–risk safety profile changes over time

Adverse Experience Reporting to FDA Pre-Approval - To IND 7 calendar day reports (telephone or facsimile) Unexpected fatal or life-threatening experience associated with the use of the drug 15 calendar day reports to IND From All Studies Worldwide (Serious, Drug-Related and Unexpected) Findings from tests in laboratory animals suggesting a significant risk to humans (mutagenicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity) Spontaneous Reports from Marketing Outside the U.S. (Serious and Unexpected) Reports in the scientific literature including unpublished manuscripts (Serious and Unexpected) Reports from foreign regulatory authorities (Serious and Unexpected) Annual IND reports From Studies Worldwide (Serious)

Adverse Experience Reporting to FDA Post-Approval - To IND 15 calendar day reports to IND From IND Studies (Serious, Drug-Related and Unexpected) Annual IND Report From IND Studies (Serious) Post-Approval - To NDA 15 calendar day reports to NDA From All Studies Worldwide (Serious, Drug-Related and Unexpected) Spontaneous Reports Worldwide (Serious and Unexpected) Periodic Reports to NDA

Failure to Report Pre-Approval - Termination of IND 21 CFR Phase 1, 2 or 3 (b)(1)(vii) The sponsor fails promptly to investigate and inform the Food and Drug Administration and all investigators of serious and unexpected adverse experiences in accordance with part 312 section 32 or fails to make any other report required under this part.

Failure to Report Post-Approval- Withdrawal of NDA 21 CFR (K) If an applicant fails to establish and maintain records and make reports required under this section FDA may withdraw approval of the application and, thus, prohibit continued marketing of the drug product that is the subject of the application.

Business Impact Product Monetary Loss People Penalties per Violation (Section 303 FD&C Act) Fines and/or Jail

AE Information Management AE database Clinical (MedDRA) / Drug Dictionaries Clinical Trial data Call Center Regulatory Agencies Imaging System Clinical Literature Data Mining Applications Regulatory Submission database Investigator Portal Reports / Queries Clinical Risk Mgt. Product Labeling Business Partners

Role of the AE Information Professional oHelpful Experience: Clinical terminology Worldwide safety regulations Technology Six Sigma Methodology

Role of the AE Information Professional oSafety Database Oversight oReference Data Management oDocument Management oDictionary Management oQueries / Reports oQuality Control

Role of the AE Information Professional oSafety Database Oversight Information moving electronically between business partners and regulatory agencies Managing large datasets (over a million episodes) Mapping data fields across systems What data are required by safety department and regulatory agencies Algorithms for information flow –Routing algorithms for data entry –Routing to countries / agencies / business partners –Rules for reportability

Role of the AE Information Professional oSafety Database Oversight – ICH E2B ICH = International Conference on Harmonization ICH E2B - Standardized essential data elements for electronic transmission of individual case safety reports: 1.Patient characteristics 2.Reactions/Events 3.Results of tests and procedures relevant to investigation of patient 4.Drug(s) Information (e.g., status, generic, tradename, marketing authorization number) 5.Narrative Case Summary (e.g., case summary, senders opinion of overall diagnosis/syndrome or reclassification of reporter terms)

Role of the AE Information Professional oReference Data Management Clinical Trial protocol and site numbers Allocation schedules Drug formulations Routes of administration Country Lists NDA / IND numbers Journal Titles etc.

Role of the AE Information Professional oDocument Management Record Retention Policy Official Files – paper / electronic records Patient Privacy Access to shared procedures Access to training material

Role of the AE Information Professional oDictionary Management Medical Dictionary for Drug Regulatory Activities (MedDRA*) Company procedures related to global standard dictionary Feedback to MedDRA Maintenance and Support Services Organization (MSSO) Participation in Industry User Group Drug Dictionary MedDRA® is a registered trademark of the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations (IFPMA). *

Role of the AE Information Professional oQueries / Reports Provide output for monitoring product safety and responding to safety questions. Ensure proper validation and testing (21 CFR Part 11) Information Specialist can provide input on: What data fields are available ? Search all versions, latest versions, or latest completed versions? Have the data values changed over time as regulations, procedures, and databases have changed ? What MedDRA terms / term groupings should be used to query the database ? What is the best format for the output? What is correct skill set required for writing and executing database queries?

Role of the AE Information Professional oQuality Control Data Entry sampling Coding Review Electronic submission tracking Compliance monitoring

Future Opportunities oEvolving Regulations oGlobal Harmonization oElectronic Transfer of Data oLinks to External Databases oData Mining