LECTURE 7 Theme: Verbs. Tenses of Verbs. Past and future tenses.

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Presentation transcript:

LECTURE 7 Theme: Verbs. Tenses of Verbs. Past and future tenses.

Plan 1. Verb. 1. Verb. 2. Tenses of Verbs. 2. Tenses of Verbs.

To study - вчити

To sit- сидіти

To read- читати

To shout - кричати

To speak - говорити

To buy - купувати

Tenses of Verbs Ukrainian verbs have only three basic tenses: present, past, and future.

Present tense Historically, this is derived from the Indo- European present tense. In Common Slavic and later Ukrainian, it retained its present meaning only for imperfective verbs and developed a future meaning for perfective verbs. Historically, this is derived from the Indo- European present tense. In Common Slavic and later Ukrainian, it retained its present meaning only for imperfective verbs and developed a future meaning for perfective verbs.

The present tense It's only imperfective verbs that can be in the present tense. It's only imperfective verbs that can be in the present tense.

The future tense The future tense. Once you have learned the present, the future tense will be easy. In fact, future perfective verbs take on the same endings which imperfective verbs take in the present tense. The future tense. Once you have learned the present, the future tense will be easy. In fact, future perfective verbs take on the same endings which imperfective verbs take in the present tense.

Imperfective verbs in the future tense can have two forms:

перекладати -- to translate Я буду перекладати I will translate/ will be translating Я буду перекладати I will translate/ will be translating Ти будеш перекладати You will translate/ will be translating Ти будеш перекладати You will translate/ will be translating Він He Він He Вона буде перекладати She will translate/will be translating Воно It Вона буде перекладати She will translate/will be translating Воно It Ми будемо перекладати We will translate/ will be translating Ми будемо перекладати We will translate/ will be translating Ви будете перекладати You will translate/ will be translating (formal and plural you) Ви будете перекладати You will translate/ will be translating (formal and plural you) Вони будуть перекладати They will translate/ will be translating Вони будуть перекладати They will translate/ will be translating

This form is practically identical to English simple future (e.g., I will translate), except that the verb "will" also has person-specific endings (same as in Example 2 above). This form is practically identical to English simple future (e.g., I will translate), except that the verb "will" also has person-specific endings (same as in Example 2 above). or else or else

перекладати -- to translate Я перекладатиму I will translate/ will be translating Я перекладатиму I will translate/ will be translating Ти перекладатимеш You will translate/ will be translating Ти перекладатимеш You will translate/ will be translating Він He Він He Вона перекладатиме She will translate/will be translating Воно It Вона перекладатиме She will translate/will be translating Воно It Ми перекладатимемо We will translate/ will be translating Ми перекладатимемо We will translate/ will be translating Ви перекладатимете You will translate/ will be translating (formal and plural you) Ви перекладатимете You will translate/ will be translating (formal and plural you) Вони перекладатимуть They will translate/ will be translating Вони перекладатимуть They will translate/ will be translating

The past tense The past tense. You’ll have to remember only four endings for the past tense, but the conjugation principle has changed: endings here are gender- and number- specific rather than person-specific, as it is for the present and future tenses. The past tense. You’ll have to remember only four endings for the past tense, but the conjugation principle has changed: endings here are gender- and number- specific rather than person-specific, as it is for the present and future tenses.

There are no differences between perfective and imperfective past tense formation. Some irregularities, like elsewhere, do occur, so pay attention when you see new verbs in sentences. There are no differences between perfective and imperfective past tense formation. Some irregularities, like elsewhere, do occur, so pay attention when you see new verbs in sentences.

лежати -- to lie (imperfective) лежав Я лежала I lay лежав Я лежала I lay лежало лежало лежав лежав Ти лежала You lay лежало лежало

Він лежав Вона лежала He/She/It lay Воно лежало Ми лежали We lay Ви лежали You lay (formal and plural you) Вони лежали They lay

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