Dual Water System Create a cycle of reuse to diminish total water demand; minimize advanced drinking water treatment flow Grey water produced from showers, washing machines, dishwashers, cooking, etc. Underground cisterns store grey water UV Grey Water Cistern Micro- Filtration Grey water treated with microfiltration and UV disinfection Reused in toilets, landscaping, other outdoor uses Rooftop planted beds absorb rainwater –Reduce pollutants in water –Decrease stormwater runoff –Diminish water in treatment systems Decrease urban heat island effect by increasing albedo of the urban landscape Reduce air pollutants Increase energy efficiency of building Lengthen lifespan of the roof Green Roofs Micro 0.1μ Coarse 1.0μ Ultra 0.01μ Nano 0.001μ UV

Wastewater Treatment: MFCs Pretreatment = physically remove solids Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) replace anoxic & aerobic reactors Anode –Anaerobic bacteria in anode –Wastewater feeds the bacteria –Oxidize organic material  e - flow to electrode Cathode –O 2, e -, & H + combine  clean water –Power generated as current flows Clarifier or membrane separates and returns biomass Cathode Air Anode R Wastewater Effluent +-+- i Clarifier MFCs Pretreatment Based on design of Dr. Bruce Logan

Wastewater Treatment: MFCs Remove up to 80% of organic matter Self-sufficient wastewater treatment plant Likely there will be a surplus of energy Three Power Projections for the City of Chicago Based on Different Parameters of MFCs Dr. Bruce Logan's goal of 1W/m MW Naval Research Lab estimate of 500W/m MW Wastewater influent estimate of 0.5 kJ/g COD251 MW Clarifier MFCs Pretreatment

Wastewater Treatment: Hydroponics UV disinfection prior to entering Plants grow suspended on nets with roots directly in water Plant, invertebrate, and aerobic bacterial communities perform nutrient uptake Located inside greenhouses for winter operation near the head of each eco-boulevard Provides additional green space for city Produces valuable crops (vegetables, cut flowers, etc.) UVHydroponics Clarifier MFCs Pretreatment

Wastewater Treatment: Wetlands Located along UrbanLab’s Eco-Boulevards Constructed wetland, surface flow, benthic net* Polish discharge from hydroponics Pedestrian access provided on raised nature walkways through 20 Eco-Boulevards Designed for worst-case scenario: 100-yr storm event (1hr) Runoff drains directly to wetlands Water level in wetlands rise from baseline level (0.3m) to 1 meter Decrease concentration of nutrients, metals, and particles Wetlands act as an environmental buffer during storms *Source: Ishida, et. al., “Microbial Ecology”, 2008, 56: ” UVHydroponics Benthic Net

Fuzhou, China

Combined Sewer Overflow Map of Chicago

After three decades, we’re still DUMPING IN THE LAKE By Michael Hawthorne, Tribune reporter4:19 p.m. CDT, March 19, 2011 Billed as an engineering marvel and national model, Chicago's Deep Tunnel was designed to protect Lake Michigan from sewage overflows and put an end to the once-frequent practice of dumping human and industrial waste into local rivers – Nearly 4 decades after one of the nation's most expensive public works projects (>$3.5B), billions of gallons of bacteria-laden sewage and storm runoff still routinely pour into the Chicago River and suburban waterways during and after storms Between 2007 and 2010, records show, the agency in charge of Deep Tunnel dumped nearly 19 billion gallons of storm water teeming with disease-causing and fish-killing waste into the Great Lake, the source of drinking water for 7 million people in Chicago and its suburbs. By contrast, 12 billion gallons poured out between 1985 and problems ,0, story