Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports Lori Lynass, Ed.D., Bella Bikowsky Ph.D., Tricia Hagerty M.Ed. NWPBIS Network, Inc.

Goal of this Training Overview of Schoolwide Positive Behavior Support (SWPBS) Establish Leadership Team Understand Core Features of PBIS Readiness for Implementation Action Planning for Roll Out

PBIS – Respect & Responsibility

Opening Activity In Regards to PBIS: What Do You Know? Want Do You Want To Know? What Are You Excited About? What Are Your Fears/Reservations? Write Answers On Your Big Sticky 15 Minutes

School Safety: A Top Concern Providing a safe, positive school climate, which engages students in their academic program and supports their social and behavioral development, has been an enduring goal of educators, parents, and policymakers (Barnoski, 2001; Shelton, Owens, & Song, 2009). The 39th Annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll of the public's attitudes toward public schools found that addressing a lack of discipline, fighting, and violence were among the top priorities for respondents(Rose & Gallup, 2007).

Impact of Behavior on Schools More than ____ of our teachers will leave the profession due to student discipline issues and intolerable behavior of students (Public Agenda, 2004). Student problem behavior can consume more than _____ of teachers’ and administrators’ time (U.S. Department of Education, 2000). 30% 50%

Student Wellbeing One in five (20%) of students are in need of some type of mental health service during their school years, yet _____ of these students do not receive services –(Surgeon General’s Report on Mental Health, 2011) It is estimated that the number of students being identified as having an Emotional/Behavioral Disorder has doubled in the last 30 years –(US Dept of Ed, 2007) 70%

Doing More with Less Address the social behavior of students; Continually deliver high quality instruction; Implement new initiatives; Meet professional growth goals; Serve an increasingly diverse student body. Paradoxically, as resources for intervention and individually designed instruction are decreasing, the number of students demonstrating problem behavior is increasing (Hawken, Vincent, & Schumann, 2008).

School Wide PBIS

Ever Heard These? “Lantana, you skipped 2 school days, so we’re going to suspend you for 2 more.” “Phoebe, I’m taking your book away because you obviously aren’t ready to learn.” “You want my attention?! I’ll show you attention...let’s take a walk down to the office & have a little chat with the Principal.”

What is School-wide PBS? School-wide PBS is: –A systems approach, establishing the social culture and behavioral supports needed for schools to be effective learning environments for all students. Evidence-based features of SW-PBS –Prevention –Define and teach positive social expectations –Acknowledge positive behavior –Arrange consistent consequences for problem behavior –Collection and use of data for decision-making –Continuum of intensive, individual interventions. –Administrative leadership – Team-based implementation

Outcomes Systems: To sustain the implementation Data: For decision making Practices: Evidenced-based and doable SWPBS IMPLEMENTATION DRIVERS

The need for: A systematic approach to behavior

0-1 Referrals 2-4 Referrals 5 + Referrals Evidence Based Practice TIME & CHANGE in Staff behavior required to generate desired outcome Tier 3: FBA/BSP (5%) 6 + Discipline Referrals Tier 2: CICO (15%) 3- 5 Discipline Referrals Tier 1: SW-PBIS (80%) 0-2 Discipline Referrals

Big Ideas Across Tiers Systems – Support adult behavior –Handbooks –Policy –Lesson plans –Calendar of events –Data collection and summary system Data – Support decision making –Identification –Fidelity –Outcomes Practices – Support student behavior –Effective environments –Clear expectations –Teaching rules and expectations –Acknowledge desired behaviors –Respond consistently to problem behaviors –Monitor data Outcomes PBIS is not new… It is based on a long history of behavioral practices, effective instructional design & strategies Not limited to any particular group of students… It’s for all students Not specific practice or curriculum… it’s a general approach to preventing problem behavior

Why implement SWPBS? Create a positive school culture: School environment is predictable 1. common language 2. common vision (understanding of expectations) 3. common experience (everyone knows) School environment is positive regular recognition for positive behavior School environment is safe violent and disruptive behavior is not tolerated School environment is consistent adults use similar expectations.

K-67th-8th Student TimeAdministrator TimeStudent TimeAdministrator Time Minutes Hours Days

Bradshaw, C.P., Koth, C.W., Thornton, L.A., & Leaf, P.J. (2009). Altering school climate through school- wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports: Findings from a group-randomized effectiveness trial. Prevention Science, 10(2), Bradshaw, C.P., Koth, C.W., Bevans, K.B., Ialongo, N., & Leaf, P.J. (2008). The impact of school-wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) on the organizational health of elementary schools. School Psychology Quarterly, 23(4), Bradshaw, C. P., Mitchell, M. M., & Leaf, P. J. (2010). Examining the effects of School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on student outcomes: Results from a randomized controlled effectiveness trial in elementary schools. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 12, Bradshaw, C.P., Reinke, W. M., Brown, L. D., Bevans, K.B., & Leaf, P.J. (2008). Implementation of school- wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) in elementary schools: Observations from a randomized trial. Education & Treatment of Children, 31, Horner, R., Sugai, G., Smolkowski, K., Eber, L., Nakasato, J., Todd, A., & Esperanza, J., (2009). A randomized, wait-list controlled effectiveness trial assessing school-wide positive behavior support in elementary schools. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 11, Horner, R. H., Sugai, G., & Anderson, C. M. (2010). Examining the evidence base for school-wide positive behavior support. Focus on Exceptionality, 42(8), Bradshaw, C., Waasdorp, T., Leaf. P., (in press). Effects of School-wide positive behavioral interventions and supports on child behavior problems and adjustment. Pediatrics. Waasdorp, T., Bradshaw, C., & Leaf, P., (2012) The Impact of Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on Bullying and Peer Rejection: A Randomized Controlled Effectiveness Trial. Archive of Pediatric Adolescent Medicine. 2012;166(2): Experimental Research on SWPBIS SWPBIS Experimentally Related to: 1.Reduction in problem behavior 2.Increased academic performance 3.Increased attendance 4.Improved perception of safety 5.Improved organizational efficiency 6.Reduction in staff turnover 7.Increased perception of teacher efficacy SWPBIS Experimentally Related to: 1.Reduction in problem behavior 2.Increased academic performance 3.Increased attendance 4.Improved perception of safety 5.Improved organizational efficiency 6.Reduction in staff turnover 7.Increased perception of teacher efficacy

PBIS Video Creating the Culture of Change pbis.org

Do We Have Commitment And Buy In? Using the information found on your first blue activity sheet labeled page 1, discuss your schools commitment and buy in. 10 Minutes

10 Minute Break

Establishing the PBIS Leadership Team

Who should comprise leadership team? Active administrator Representative building staff members, family members & students Members should be respected Members understand behavioral principles Members should be collaborative, critical examiners who are also supportive.

What are the duties of the leadership team? Examine school climate and behavior Create an action plan based on data Obtain staff commitment to the plan Evaluate progress through data Plan for professional development Meet regularly (Bi-monthly or Monthly)

Establish Team Roles Facilitator Data Analyst Minute Taker Coach * Back-up for each role.

ACTIVITY: The PBIS Leadership Team Use Blue Activity Sheet on Page #4 Consider Membership for your PBIS Leadership Team Discuss Regular Meeting Times Discuss Team Roles – Facilitator, Data Analyst, Minutes Taker Identify Actions Needed for Establishing a Team and Add to Action Plan 20 Minutes

Initiative, Project, Committee PurposeOutcomeTarget Group Staff Involved SIP/SID/ etc Attendance Committee Character Education Safety Committee School Spirit Committee Discipline Committee Drug & Alcohol Committee EBS Work Group Working Smarter 1.Eliminate all initiatives that do NOT have a defined purpose and outcome measure. 2. Combine initiatives that have the same outcome measure and same target group 3. Combine initiatives that have 75% of the same staff 4. Eliminate initiatives that are not tied to School Improvement Goals.

Initiative, Project, Committee PurposeOutcomeTarget Group Staff Involved SIP/SID/ etc Coordinated School Health HPS PBIS HIB Safety/Security/ Threat Assessment Alternatives to Suspension (Panasonic) School/Commun ity Family Engagement Drug/Alcohol Committee

Workgroup, Committee PurposeOutcome Link to SIP Target Group Staff Involved SIP/SID Attendance Committee Increase attendance Increase % of students attending daily All studentsEric, Ellen, Marlee Goal #2 Character Education Improve character All studentsMarlee, J.S., Ellen Goal #3 Safety CommitteeImprove safetyPredictable response to threat/crisis Dangerous students Screened In Has not metGoal #3 School Spirit Committee Enhance school spirit Improve moraleAll studentsHas not met Discipline Committee Improve behaviorDecrease office referrals Bullies, antisocial students, repeat offenders Ellen, Eric, Marlee, Otis Goal #3 Drug and Alcohol Committee Prevent drug useDecrease Drug and Alcohol High/at-risk drug users Screened In Don Behavior Work Group Implement 3-tier model Decrease office referrals, increase attendance, enhance academic engagement, improve grades All studentsEric, Ellen, Marlee, Otis, Emma Goal #2 Goal #3 Working Smarter Matrix

Working Smarter Complete the Working Smarter Template for Your Own School Are There District Driven Initiatives To Include? 20 Minutes