EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache Status of ITER like wall project V. Philipps ITER 2 options are under preparation, decision about time schedule at a given time

EU-PWI-Task Force TF Meeting, Cadarache 1 Physics research in associations Fusion devices linear plasmas lab experiments etc.. 2 EFDA PWI technology programme specific tasks integration of work outside associations 3 Integrated wall experiments in fusion devices Organisation & work structure See Albertos talk AUG JET wall experiment Main part of our meeting

JET with Be wall and all Tungsten divertor Objectives Demonstrate low T retention Study effect of Be on W erosion Study ELMs and disruptions on wall & divertor, melt layer behaviour Develop control / mitigation techniques for ELMs and disruptions Test de-tritiation techniques Operate Tokamak without C - radiation Demonstrate operation of ITER scenarios at high current and heating power with a Be/W material choice EU PWI Task Force JET ITER like Wall material experiment EU PWI Task Force

Full Be wall with ITER like Carbon/tungsten divertor Objectives Similar to an all W divertor but including carbon chemistry Effect of Be deposition on carbon release and transport Study of Be/C(W) layers, their thermal stability, T-retention demonstrate that an ITER-like material selection has sufficiently low fuel retention to meet ITER requirements. STRATEGY: Prepare both options, decide options depending on requirements Demonstrate operation of ITER scenarios at high current and heating power with Be/C/ W wall choice EU PWI Task Force Wall material experiments

EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache Organisation Manual + RH Installation now integrated Be main chamber

NBI Shinethrough protection Upper Dump plate Inner wall cladding Inner wall guard limiters Saddle coil protection Outer poloidal limiters LH + ICRH protection KC1 coil covers Total main wall tiles = 4404 Main wall: Be wherever possible, on some areas W coated CFC: responsible JOC (operator)

Global carbon deposition TEC Institut für Plasmaphysik Assoziation EURATOM-Forschungszentrum Jülich V. Philipps, ITPA Tarragona, June 05 Inner Wall Material Distribution Shinethrough Area Restraint ring protection Option for Be coating of inconel cladding is being investigated W coated CFC 15mm back from limiter edge X?

Proposals: Configuration - Final decision 2006 complete set of divertor tile replacements ordered (marked in red) RD task to IPP Garching for W coating on CFC substrate RD task to FZJ Jülich on W bulk concept Divertor options

Associationthick methodthin methodtotal number CEAVPS CVD CVD 4 and 103 ENEAVPS1 TEKESPVD 4 and 10 PVD/Re interl. 4 or 10 3 IPP GarchingVPS CVD PVD (4 and 10) CVD (4 and 10) 6 MEC/CEACMSII/TVA (probably 10µm by CMSII) 1 :VPS=Vacuum Plasma Spray, CVD=Chemical Vapor Deposition PVD=Physical Vapor Deposition, TVA=Thermionic Vacuum Arc CMSII=Combined Magnetron Sputtering and Ion Implantation Different Coating Types provided by Associations EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache

EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache W coating task, status ( H. Maier IPP ) shipment of coatings to IPP, due Sep 1 status:10 out of 14 types delivered 4 on the way summary: 14 out of 14 possibly in test program Meeting oct 7 for final agreement among parties on benchmarking of testing procedures for NDT for the procurement of the coated tiles for the entire divertor

Next steps until february Thermal screening of delivered coatings completion anticipated by mid-november (+accompanying analysis ) Selection process: november Cyclic loading at IPP, up to end february Proposed ELM-like loading at FZJ: Under discusion, open issue, time constraints EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache

Non-destructive testing: Infrared thermography Lock-in thermography developed at CEA Xavier Courtois Pulsed thermography under development at UKAEA Glenn Counsell, Camera defect ! Benchmarking can only be done with CEA method EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache

Design concepts 1.First option: Lamellae design (full W body design) 2.Back up option: W brazing design (W + CFC design) Design limitation 1.No active cooling under ~ 7 MW/m 2 for 10 s 2.Temperature limits (surface temp., temp at fixing structure) 3.Weak supporting structure against EM forces 4.Weight limit (80 kg/assembly) due to remote handling The tile LBSRP (270 x 170 x 40 mm 3 ) Approaches Temperature distribution by FEM EM forces by FEM Mechanical tests for CFC and brazing HHF tests by electron beam facilities Most critical issues are EM forces in disruptions EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache Bulk W divertor

EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache W lamellae design Forschungszentrum Jülich in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Outward and inward views:

EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache W lamellae 50x 6 mm W lamellae design Opt2 3 fixing screws /stack 15, T. Hirai, PB meeting, Culham, 13 October 2005 New base plate design New wedge design Spacers for insulation (TZM+ Al 2 O 3 )

EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache Critical issues Be first wall mechanical accuracy and stability for castellated structures Coatings: Stability of W coating on Dunlop type CFC Lifetime of W coating (see talk by J. Likonen) W-bulk Performance under high heat loads (200 cycles foreseen from 200C (7 MW for 10 sec) + destructive tests Integration of new support structure in JET engineering Costs and very narrow time schedule for all systems

EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache Many questions remain which can be worked on with help of EU PWI Calculations of EM forces Diagnostic of W-sources and W in the plasma Thermography in a full metal wall surrounding (reflectivity, emissivity) Production of fast particles and impact of Be and W erosion in main chamber (in particular with ICRH, LH) Modelling of W erosion and transport in divertor and predictions for coating lifetime Interaction of W with Be In situ diagnostic of material deposition and fuel retention Laser desorption/ablation diagnostics (JET FT, EU TP) Gas balance etcc

EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache The main answers on the scientific goals of the JET wall project must be given by Spectroscopy Special wall diagnostic probes post mortem tile analysis in situ fuel inventory/recycling (gas balance ) And the overall evaluation of plasma performance upgrade of diagnostics needed Diagnostic for the JET wall project

Embedded diagnostics Langmuir probes Thermo- couples (direct part of the wall project) Spektros- copy (W, Be,C) 12.9:expert meeting (FZJ) 4/5.10: kick Off meeting Responsible persons identified Working programme defined Wall diagnostic (probes) 19.9: expert meeting Responsible persons identified Be marker R&D project on markers Project settled Project leader M. Rubel Thermo- graphy (upper view) Project settled Project leader T. Eich Working plan approved by PB Improved Thermo- graphy 6.10: IR expert Working group meeting Critical projects, not enough support form EU associations EU-PWI-Task Force V. Philipps, TF Meeting, Cadarache

Be cost will decrease under negotiation Greatest uncertainty Inconel 625 is hard for the RH boom Move to shutdown? Decide March 2006 Depends on R&D Article 7 Cost Estimates (kEuros)PB#1PB#2Var. 1. Beryllium material9,0009, Scrap beryllium buy-back credit-3,500-2, Beryllium machining + tile assembly7,5007, CFC material2,6002, CFC machining Casting of Inconel carriers and cladding Machining of metallic parts6001, Manufacture of fasteners Embedded diagnostics - TC array etc.1,2001, Tungsten coating of CFC tiles1, Beryllium tile baking facility Bulk Tungsten LBSRP2,000 0 Contingency000 TOTAL23,10025,9142,814

Main chamber Limiter tile design Sliced to reduce eddy forces No visible bolt holes to maximise power handling Castellated to avoid cracking IWGL is 3cm thicker than CFC Global carbon deposition TEC Institut für Plasmaphysik Assoziation EURATOM-Forschungszentrum Jülich V. Philipps, ITPA Tarragona, June 05

W coatings for the divertor IPP Garching is coordinating Five EURATOM associations are involved in R&D to develop tungsten coating on JET- type (Dunlop) CFC Problem: Anisotropic therm. expansion of CFC Therm. expansion mismatch with W Strategy: Variation of production methods Very thin coatings (4µm) Investigation of 4µm, 10µm thin films In addition: Possible fallback solution for bulk tungsten 200µm thickcoatings Hans Maier

Associationthick methodthin methodtotal number CEAVPS CVD CVD 4 and 103 ENEAVPS1 TEKESPVD 4 and 10 PVD/Re interl. 4 or 10 3 IPP GarchingVPS CVD PVD (4 and 10) CVD (4 and 10) 6 MEC/CEACMSII/TVA (probably 10µm by CMSII) 1 :VPS=Vacuum Plasma Spray, CVD=Chemical Vapor Deposition PVD=Physical Vapor Deposition, TVA=Thermionic Vacuum Arc CMSII=Combined Magnetron Sputtering and Ion Implantation Different Coating Types provided by Associations Mechanical and heat flux tests of coatings from September this year,decision early 2006

Bulk W divertor prototype in JET Currently 2 design concepts 1.Lamellae design (full W body design) 2.W brazing design (W + CFC design) Design limitation 1.No active cooling under ~ 7 MW/m 2 for 10 s 2.Temperature limits (surface temp., temp at fixing structure) 3.Weak supporting structure against EM forces 4.Wight limit (80 kg/assembly) due to remote handling The tile LBSRP (270 x 170 x 40 mm 3 ) Approaches Temperature distribution by FEM EM forces by FEM Mechanical tests for CFC and brazing HHF tests by electron beam facilities JET divertor with LBSRP The most critical questions are EM forces in disruptions

Existing JET CFC tile on mechanical structure ( wedge and base plate) EM forces calculated by JET and recalculated by FZJ : agreement within a factor of two, at the margin for the dumbbell + screw 40 mm CFC corresponds to < 1 mm W solid plate and few millimetres solid Inconel plate No solution which meets the EM forces with the present structure unless connecting W teeth to existing CFC target

Toroidal segmentation: 6 mm thick W plates Mechanically assembled Lamellae design (W body design) Needs design and construction of new Mechanical support, compatible with remote handling Lamellae and brazing designs 26/9 W brazing design (W + CFC design) C w = ~ 20 mm C CFC = 49 - C W mm W coating A= ~10-20 mm B= 30 ~ 50 mm CFC W

FE model for EM Loading

SM analysis FEM results preload eddy load = detachment

V. Philipps, EU-PWI-Task Force, TFE Agreed diagnostic proposals for FP7 with respect to the new wall project. 1.Upgrading of many spectrometers: 2. Refurbishment of erosion/deposition diagnostics 3. IR Thermography from top (in addition to wide angle IR installed presently)