COPYRIGHT: A Pirate’s Paradise? Prepared form Com 435 by Donna L. Ferullo, J.D. Director University Copyright Office Donna L. Ferullo University Copyright Office

April 4, 2007Professor Matei2 Agenda Copyright at Purdue Copyright – what is it? Copyright exemptions How does it all work?

April 4, 2007Professor Matei3 Patent Trademark Patent Copyright Intellectual Property

April 4, 2007Professor Matei4 Purdue University Intellectual Property Policies Use of Copyrighted Materials for Educational and Research Purposes – Executive Memorandum B-53 ( res_outreach/b_53.html ) Policy on Intellectual Property – Executive Memorandum B-10 ( res_outreach/b_10.html )

April 4, 2007Professor Matei5 Piracy Robbery of ships on the high seas Unauthorized publication or use of a copyrighted or patented work

April 4, 2007Professor Matei6 Foundations of Copyright “ The Congress shall have the Power…to promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries” United States Constitution, Article 1, Section 8

April 4, 2007Professor Matei7 Copyright Law Copyright Law -Title 17, United States Code 1976 Act Purpose

April 4, 2007Professor Matei8 Copyright Requirements Must be an original work Must be fixed in a tangible medium of expression

April 4, 2007Professor Matei9 Copyrightable Works Literary, musical and dramatic works Pantomimes and choreographic works Pictorial, graphic and sculptural works Sound recordings Motion pictures and other AV works Computer programs Compilations of works and derivative works Architectural works

April 4, 2007Professor Matei10 Copyright Formalities Copyright symbol © no longer required Registration no longer required

April 4, 2007Professor Matei11 What is not copyrightable Ideas, procedures, methods, systems, processes Titles, names, short phrases, slogans Facts, news, research Works in the public domain Works created by US government employees Works with expired copyrights

April 4, 2007Professor Matei12 Copyright Owner’s Exclusive Rights Reproduction Distribution Public performance Public display Derivative works

April 4, 2007Professor Matei13 Copyright Duration Works created on or after 1/1/78 Life of author plus 70 years Corporate author – the shorter of 95 years from publication or 120 years from creation

April 4, 2007Professor Matei14 Major Copyright Exemption §107 - Fair Use Doctrine Purpose and character Nature of work Amount of work Market effect NOTE: Fair use is technologically neutral

April 4, 2007Professor Matei15 First Factor: Purpose & Character Nonprofit Educational Personal Teaching Research Scholarship Criticism Commentary News reporting Commercial use Entertainment For profit

April 4, 2007Professor Matei16 Second Factor: Nature of work Fact Published Fiction Unpublished

April 4, 2007Professor Matei17 Third Factor: Amount Small amount Amount used is not significant to work Large amount Amount used is heart of work

April 4, 2007Professor Matei18 Fourth Factor: Market Effect No major impact Licensing/permissions unavailable Limited/restricted access to work User/institution owns legal copy Major impact Licenses/permissions available Work is made available to world Use is repeated or long term

April 4, 2007Professor Matei19 Education Exemptions 110(1) – Classroom or face-to-face teaching 110(2) – TEACH – distance education

April 4, 2007Professor Matei20 Copyright Landscape P2P RIAA YouTube Google

April 4, 2007Professor Matei21 © is not an Island Contracts Privacy rights Publicity rights Other IP Plagiarism

April 4, 2007Professor Matei22 Copyright vs. Plagiarism Copyright – a legal right that protects original works Federal law Legal penalties for infringement Fair use exemption Plagiarism - passing off someone else’s work as one’s own Unethical but not necessarily illegal Misappropriation of someone else’s work Lack of attribution

April 4, 2007Professor Matei23 Making © work for you Determine status of work Copyrightable Copyrighted Public domain Apply exemptions Request permission from copyright owner if exemptions do not apply (Request and permission should be in writing)

April 4, 2007Professor Matei24 Copyright Myths Everything on the web can be used without permission All educational use is fair use Publication did not have copyright notice so it must be in the public domain

April 4, 2007Professor Matei25 Words of Wisdom Only use legally acquired copies Be aware of your audience – who has access to the materials Free access does not equal free use Apply Fair Use Doctrine Request appropriate permission Comply with Purdue’s copyright policies

April 4, 2007Professor Matei26 Copyright Resources United States Copyright Office Copyright Crash Course – University of Texas cprtindx.htm Copyright Management Center – IU

April 4, 2007Professor Matei27 Question: ??? Answer: It depends…