The Brain and Cranial Nerves Chapter 14, part 4 The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Olfactory nerves (I) Carry sensory information responsible for the sense of smell Synapse within the olfactory bulb

Figure 14.21 The Olfactory Nerve PLAY Figure 14.21

cranial nerves II, III, IV Optic nerves (II) Carry visual information from special sensory receptors in the eyes Occulomotor nerves (III) Primary source of innervation for 4 of the extraocular muscles Trochlear nerves (IV) Innervate the superior oblique muscles

Figure 14.23 Cranial Nerves Controlling the Extra-ocular Muscles PLAY Figure 14.23

cranial nerves V, VI, VII Trigeminal nerves (V) Missed nerves with ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches Abducens nerve (VI) Innervates the lateral rectus muscles Facial nerves (VII) Mixed nerves that control muscles of the face and scalp Provide pressure sensations over the face Receive taste information from the tongue

Figure 14.24 The Trigeminal Nerve PLAY Figure 14.24

Figure 14.25 The Facial Nerve PLAY Figure 14.25a, b

cranial nerves VIII, IX Vestibulocochlear nerves (VIII) Vestibular branch monitors balance, position and movement Cochlear branch monitors hearing Glossopharyngeal nerves (IX) Mixed nerves that innervate the tongue and pharynx Control the action of swallowing

cranial nerves X Vagus nerves (X) Mixed nerves Vital to the autonomic control of visceral function

Figure 14.26 The Vestibulocochlear Nerve PLAY Figure 14.26

Figure 14.27 The Glossopharyngeal Nerve PLAY Figure 14.27

Figure 14.28 The Vagus Nerve PLAY Figure 14.28

cranial nerves XI, XII Accessory nerves (XI) Internal branches Innervate voluntary swallowing muscles of the soft palate and pharynx External branches Control muscles associates with the pectoral girdle Hypoglossal nerves (XII) Provide voluntary motor control over tongue movement

Figure 14.29 The Accessory and Hypoglossal Nerve PLAY Figure 14.29

SECTION 14-10 Cranial Reflexes

Cranial reflexes Involve sensory and motor fibers of cranial nerves

You should now be familiar with: The major regions of the brain and their functions. The formation, circulation and functions of the CSF. The main components of the medulla oblongata, the pons, the cerebellum, the mesencephalon, the diencephalon, and the limbic system and their functions. The major anatomical subdivisions of the cerebrum. The motor, sensory and association areas of the cerebral cortex. Representative examples of cranial reflexes.