Mathematics in Professional Schools of Paris Chamber of Commerce and Industry Corinne Hahn NEGOCIA and ESCP-EAP

French model of education –Priority to general education –Firms outward Trend –Firms get involved –School closer linked with social and economical changes

Continuing Vocational Training in France Characteristics Born in the 70’s Important economic activity (1.47% of the french gross domestic product in 2003) Based on negociation between parties : firms, government and unions Funded by firms, the state and the regions

Continuing Vocational Training in France Who are the Beneficiaries ?

Continuing Vocational Training in France Private sector employees Company training plan Individual training leave (CIF) Individual training right benefit (DIF)

Continuing Vocational Training in France Who funds it ?

Continuing Vocational Training in France Who are the training providers?

Paris Chamber of Commerce and Industry l leading CCI in France and in Europe Ü a public institution, founded in 1803 by Napoleon Bonaparte Ü 80 elected representatives and over 4,000 employees for 4 missions: accompanying CEOs; training future CEOs and company employees; expanding the attractiveness of the territory; representing the interests of 310,000 companies to public authorities l territorial power Ü4 départements : Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, and Val-de-Marne Ü over 1/6 th of the French economy, 21 % of GNP

Training Mission l 14,000 undergraduate and graduate students educated yearly, including 4,000 apprentices (the largest apprenticeship training center in France) l 12 educational institutions in France and 6 throughout the world (Europe, Africa, Middle East and Asia) l 40,000 adults in continuing training in 13 continuing education centers l almost 85% of CCIP students are hired during the 6 months following their graduation

CCIP Educational institutions l undergraduate and graduate business schools Ü HEC School of Management, ESCP-EAP European School of Management l undergraduate and graduate engineering and technical schools Ü ESIEE Group (École Supérieure d’Ingénieur en Électronique et Électrotechnique), ISTM (Institut Supérieur de Technologie et Management), ESIV (École Supérieure des Industries du Vêtement), ESCF (École Supérieure de Cuisine Française) l technological schools Ü CFI (Industrial Training Center), École Grégoire-Ferrandi, Gobelins-l’école de l’image, Tecomah-l’école de l’environnement et du cadre de vie l sales and entrepreneurial schools Ü Négocia-l’école de la vente et de la négociation commerciale, Advancia- l’école où les projets prennent vie

Alternance model Relation from school to work is not simple 2 different worlds with different aims, different relation to knowledge More and more complicated working conditions Essential role of school But need of a reflexive relation (Schön) Work on « real » complex problems

Role of mathematics Rarely identify as mathematics although all trade use maths Mostly informal or as application (quantitative methods) Role varies according to trade, students’ level but also to the decision-makers’ mathematical background Downward trend

Mathematics and Reality Teaching methods still very traditional Use of « false concrete » (Adda) Mostly taught by non mathematicians Teaching of algorithms

Merchandiser Négocia facings x 2 x 3 weekly sales rotation rate rotation coeff C P260.52

Photographer Gobelins 4 x 5’’ picture of a 10-storied building A 3m50 tree to hide part of the building site 80m maximum to move back 4 lenses (90, 150, 180, 240 mm) Which lens do you use ? At what distance do we have to plant the tree?

Use of Technology Required in vocational education Leads to redefine contents and methods, most of the time in a negative way But helps to understand concepts

Shop assistant Négocia Calculate the price without a tax of 19,6%  / 1,196 and not -1,196%

Entrepreneurship Advancia Pastryshop owner wants to sell homemade chocolate Needs a employee Expenses related to the job : Euros yearly Costs : 10 Euros per kilo Chocolate will be sold 5 euros per 100 grams Minimum sales not to loose money ?

Numeracy in vocational education ?