Muscles of Eyes Position of eye controlled by six extrinsic muscles Oculomotor muscles Originate on the surface of the orbit Innervation by oculomotor nerve, Trochlear nerve, and Abducens nerve

Inferior rectus- eye looks down Medial rectus- eye rotates medially Superior rectus- eye looks up Lateral rectus- eye rotates laterally Inferior oblique- eye rolls, looks up and to the side Superior oblique- eye rolls, looks down and to the side

Muscles of Mastication Four muscles move the mandible at the temporomandibular joint Innervation by Trigeminal nerve

Masseter,Temporalis-elevates mandible Medial Pterygoid- elevates the mandible and closes the jaws, or moves mandible side to side Lateral Pterygoid- opens jaws, protrudes mandible, or moves mandible side to side

Muscles of the Tongue Four muscles used in combinations to move tongue for speech, manipulation of food in preparation for swallowing. Innervation by Hypoglossal nerve All muscles of tongue have names that end in glossus

Genioglossus- depresses and protracts tongue Hyoglossus- depresses and retracts tongue Palatoglossus- elevates tongue, depresses soft palate Styloglossus- retracts tongue, elevates side

Muscles of Pharynx Eight muscles that initiate the swallowing process Innervation by branches of Pharyngeal plexus Divided into three groups by action Constrictors Elevators Palate

Superior/middle/ inferior constrictor-constrict pharynx to propel bolus into esophagus Palatopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus, Stylopharyngeus- elevate larynx Levator veli palatini, Tensor veli palatini-elevates soft palate