OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Eye to the Telescope: Future- Gazing & Current Projects from OCLC Research 2006 Amigos Conference 11 May 2006 Dallas, TX Eric Childress OCLC Research

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Outline The Big Picture Pattern Recognition Brand, Data, Technology trends The Library - next phase Selected OCLC Research work

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Pattern recognition Production anywhere, Global distribution Make products anywhere, ship them everywhere Offshore business processes & research centers Big brands & micro channels Mega-publishers, -media, -retailers, -search engines Niche markets exploited via AdWords & affiliate programs Portable devices, digital content, interactive Net iPods, now with video; Are iPhones next? Ringtones, iTunes, Podcasts, Vlogs/Google Video, online gaming, etc. Self-service, micro-consumption The convenience society – 24x7 stores, ATMs, click-n-buy Disaggregation – consume by the news story, song, etc. Intellectual Property issues Big business not-so-secretly wants all transactions billable Open Source & Open Content rising (e.g., Apache, Creative Commons)ApacheCreative Commons

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Voices carry Old media losing to new media Broadcast radio vs Satellite & Internet radio Newspapers vs Google News, Craigslist, etc.Craigslist Brand & voice through new channels Blogging by top execs & by staff Personal branding – Webcred is key to ones fortunes Individual-driven content rising: Personal web pages Blogs (a new one each second!) Digital images/video (flickr, Picasa, YouTube)flickrPicasaYouTube Bookmarks, etc. (e.g., del.icio.us, furl, digg, technorati)del.icio.usfurldiggtechnorati Infotainment increasingly social & peer-to-peer Community authorship, open content (Wikipedia)Wikipedia Myspace, Facebook, etc. personal presence services MyspaceFacebook

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Source: David SifryDavid Sifry Blog Trends

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Data rules Deep indexing: Amazons Search Inside and Statistically Improbable Phrases Google, Yahoo, Microsoft underwriting library digitization work Library space: NetLibrary, Alexander Street, many others indexing contentNetLibraryAlexander Street Custom search feeds: Google Alerts, News topic RSS, etc.Google Alerts Instant verification: Many voices, many fact-checkers widely-distributed – Spin doctors beware! Recommendation systems: Amazon, Apple iTunes, other retailers – people like you chose… Novel concepts: Pandora – suggests music based on intrinsic patterns of music you like (the music genome)Pandora Empowered consumption My iPod, my tags, my playlists Reuse, derive, mix content from many sources (e.g. Mashups)Mashups

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Techscape Web 2.0: The Network spans all attached devices (e.g., iPods, phones, etc.) Software resides on the Net, not the workstation Participative Net – social environment, shared content reused Everywhere Net Internet, GPS, cellphone, municipal wireless… System refactoring Modularity (micro-services, remixing, multiple sources) Layering (loosely-coupled systems) Interoperability (low-friction, high reuse) Lightweight protocols gaining favor (e.g., SRW/SRU, microformats)SRW/SRUmicroformats Machine-oriented services (web services)

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Libraries - next phase Surfacing seamlessly Point-of-need delivery (e.g., library content in non-library apps such as the Web, course management systems, etc.) Open WorldCat, RedLightGreen, OAIster, etc. Open WorldCatRedLightGreenOAIster Open standards, easy integration of data from many sources Re-thinking, re-engineering Library 2.0 changes systems & services Library 2.0 Moving towards Lego-like modularity in systems & data User-tasks-oriented designs (e.g., NCSU catalog)NCSU catalog Adding means for users to contribute, shape their own experiences Supporting Library 2.0 will mean changing organizations & operations More building space for people-to-people interaction, less for books Process & operational changes Example: Choose-acquire-catalog vs Acquire-choose-catalogChoose-acquire-catalog vs Acquire-choose-catalog

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Robin Murray [ppt]ppt Synthesize - to combine often diverse conceptions into a coherent whole. Synthesize Mobilize Specialize - involve specific knowledge in order to serve a particular purpose; to apply or direct to specific end or use. Specialize Mobilize - to put into action Workplace applications - points of need Local service Local added value Local context Local knowledge Library Systems Atomic Library ServicesAtomic non-Library Services

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Selected OCLC Research work Making data work harder Data mining of WorldCat (e.g., FRBR (Functional Requirements of Bibliographic Records) clustering of related records)FRBR FictionFinder – browse/search all fiction works in WorldCat FictionFinder Audience Level – assigns an audience indicator value based on data in bib records for a work, or – alternatively – by inferring audience from the type and number of libraries holding a work Audience Level xISBN – send OCLC an ISBN, receive all ISBNs for the same work xISBN New views, new uses DeweyBrowser – Dewey-based visualization of WorldCat, more DeweyBrowser Live Search – An AJAX-based search interface that leverages FRBR, advanced relevance, and rank-by-holdings to provide fast results Terminology Services – Controlled vocabularies searchable in a sidebar Terminology Services

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Work Expression Is realized through Is exemplified by Item Manifestation Is embodied in A distinct intellectual or artistic creation The intellectual or artistic realization of a work The physical embodiment of an expression A single exemplar of a manifestation FRBR Group 1 Entities

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center OCLC FRBR work set algorithm-based cluster of related WorldCat records OriginalEnglish Translation Illustrated edition Abridged edition Adaptation Expressions Work¹ Work² e¹e²e³ e¹

Works with 1 manifestation: 87% Works with between 2 and 5 manifestations: 12% Works with > 5 manifestations: 1% Works with 1 manifestation: 43% of total holdings Works with between 2 and 5 manifestations: 40% of total holdings Works with > 5 manifestations: 17% of total holdings Manifestations By Holdings Works in WorldCat

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center FictionFinder An OCLC experimental prototype prototype Supports searching & browsing of fiction materials cataloged in WorldCat Fiction records 2.8 million Unique works 1.4 million Total holdings 130 million Employs FRBR to: Build a work view & cluster related records Support the creation of special indexes OCLC Research team: Diane Vizine-Goetz (lead) Roger Thompson Carol Hickey Lance Osborne J.D. Shipengrover New version: Available later in 2006 Improved navigation & work- based displays

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Questions? I used to talk, With honest conviction, Of how I predicted my world. I'm gonna leave it to stargazers, Tell me what your telescope says. - K.T. Tunstall (Through the Dark)

OCLC Research OCLC Online Computer Library Center Further reading OCLC Reports OCLC Research OCLC-related blogs: Lorcan Dempsey Thom Hickey Stu Weibel Its All Good