The Haitian Economic/Humanitarian Crisis Túlio Igor S. Pereira ECON 465:Current Issues in Latin American Economies Professor Ramon Castillo-Ponce.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Latin American Independence Movements
Advertisements

The History of Haiti Adapted from World Book Online.
History of Haiti A Timelin e By Jimmie Ratton 1492Mid Christopher Columbus claimed the island of Hispaniola for Spain. The Indians.
18-1 Levels of Development
Latin American Revolutions
Numerous revolutions arise as a result of external influences and internal conflicts. Inspired by previous independent movements in America and France.
Haiti © Seomra Ranga Haiti © Seomra Ranga
History of Haiti Zoltan Grossman. Colonized by French French ruled sugar plantations harshly in western half of Hispaniola. African slaves began speaking.
Haiti: It’s Sad History Through January 12, 2010.
The History of Haiti ( Timeline )
Politics of India. India 2nd most populous nation Population: over one billion Growing at 1.4% a year.
Governments and Economies of Africa
Africa.
E. Napp Latin American Independence In this lesson, students will be able to explain the accomplishments of the following individuals: Toussaint L’Ouverture.
Atlantic Revolutions Introduction American, French, Haitian, & Latin American = The Atlantic Revolutions.
THE HAITIAN REVOLUTION
Chapter 15 EXPLORING THE CARIBBEAN. SECTION 1 CUBA: Clinging to Communism.
Haiti A country whose history is “written in blood”
10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt 10 pt 15 pt 20 pt 25 pt 5 pt Cuba HaitiPotpourriVocabularyPuerto.
 Fact1: Caribbean Country  Fact2: on of the poorest country in the Americas  Fact3: it was the first independent nation in Latin America.
Francois Duvalier “Papa Doc” By Sarah Petriew and Lanieca Falkenberg Born: April 14, 1907 Died: April 21, 1971 In power for 14 years from His Death.
Revolution in the Americas: Haiti A slave revolt turns into a revolution.
Jump to first page Cuba-Clinging to Communism 1. In 1994,_____________________Cubans tried to leave the country on just about anything that would float.
Baby Doc Duvalier and Haitian Civil War
Trivia Fun Times  What is a political revolution?  What is the document that outlines the rights of French citizens?  What was the name of the island.
The Effects of Globalization in African Countries
Topic 2: Nationalism Topic 2A: Nationalist Revolutions in Latin America “It takes a revolution to make a solution.” -Bob Marley.
Atlantic Revolutions Introduction American, French, Haitian, & Latin American = The Atlantic Revolutions.
Chapter 20 Economic Growth in Developing Nations.
The Places We Live
Review: AP World History Exam Section
Global Economic Development What is “development”? Development is the process by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well- being.
Cuba One of communism’s last toeholds. Certain materials are included under the fair use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law and have been prepared according.
WHAT IS NEXT FOR HAITI? FROM INTERNATIONAL RELIEF TO RECOVRY AND RECONSTRUCTION TO HAITI’S HISTORIC LEGACY From the Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction.
Introducing Haiti. Why is Haiti so poor? Slave trade routes from about 1500 to 1800.
Latin American Independence Movements Unit 5: The Long Nineteenth Century, CE AP World History.
Late 1700s Revolutions and Heroes The painting, though depicting the July Revolution of 1830, displays vividly the revolutionary spirit of the era.
Revolution in Haiti.  The vast majority of Saint Domingue’s population were enslaved Africans.  Other groups included native people, French plantation.
Independence Movements in Latin America. The American and French Revolutions took place in the late 1700s. Within twenty years, the ideas and examples.
Egalité for All Liberty Equality Fraternity ?v=b69lS3aP1a4&feature=rela ted ?v=b69lS3aP1a4&feature=rela.
Aim: What grade should we give to the Haitian Revolution?
Directions: Copy all facts in purple. “Haiti” is a Native American word meaning… “Haiti” is a Native American word meaning… mountainous land mountainous.
Chapter 15 Section 2 Haiti A Struggle for Democracy.
Chapter 21: Revolutions in Europe and Latin America
Chapter 19 Economic Growth in Developing Nations.
GOVERNMENTS AND ECONOMIES OF AFRICA. Government of Kenya They currently have a democratic republic with an elected president and a one house (unicameral)
UNIT 15: MODERN LATIN AMERICA. Where is Latin America?  Latin America is defined as Central and South America.  The term “Latin” stems from the language.
Haiti The country and its problems. Certain materials are included under the fair use exemption of the U.S. Copyright Law and have been prepared according.
Haiti. History ▪Tainos ▪Hispaniola ▪Saint Domingue ▪François Mackandal –Maroons.
HAITI BY COLE MILLER 3 RD PERIOD. HAITI IS LOCATED IN THE CARIBBEAN SEA WHICH INCLUDES THE WESTERN THIRD OF THE ISLAND OF HISPANIOLA.
Canada and the World Community Global Village Developed Countries Newly Industrializing Countries Developing Countries Least Developed Countries HDI
 It is on the same island as the Dominican Republic (Hispanolia)  Half of the island was owned by the Spanish and half of it was owned by France.
Bell Ringer Quick Write How can power lead to tyranny? (arbitrary or unrestrained exercise of power; abuse of authority...like a dictatorship)
Robespierre, Napoleon and French Revolution After-effects.
We hold these truths to be self- evident: That all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that.
Colonial Period. 1492: Columbus claims Hispaniola Pirates 1697: Spanish officially ceded Haiti to French.
C LATIN AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS. Causes Spain sets up colonies in the Americas Creoles and mestizos grow dissatisfied with Spanish rule- born.
S1 Citizenship Day 2011 Haiti. HAITI is a beautiful Caribbean island… …that attracts a large number of tourists every year.
Ourida Victorin. Focus on cooperation amongst States through a common interest Promotion of “Free Trade” Believe that free-trade will lead to richer,
Why did Latin American countries seek independence in the 19th century? Revolutions occurred in other parts of the world and a rebellion in Haiti was very.
Change—Revolutions Haitian Revolution
Haitian Garment Industry
Haitian Revolution.
Identify the following as either:
Cuba-Clinging to Communism
Clean water Clean Health
Four Political Revolutions
Latin American Country Major People Involved
Latin American Independence
Presentation transcript:

The Haitian Economic/Humanitarian Crisis Túlio Igor S. Pereira ECON 465:Current Issues in Latin American Economies Professor Ramon Castillo-Ponce

Key Investigative Questions  What is the outlook of the Haitian economy today? Which economic/social indicators seems to be the most alarming?  What causational factors can explain the situation of the Haitian economy today?  What are the possible solutions to this difficult conundrum? Is International aid an efficient way to promote economic stabilization and development in the country?

Key Facts About Haiti  Haiti is the poorest country in the Americas. One of the poorest in the World.  According to the World Bank:  GDP = $11.18 billion (2010 est.)  Two-thirds of all Haitians depend on the agricultural sector, mainly small-scale subsistence farming  Unemployment Rate: 50%?? (Peaked at 70% in the mid 1990’s according to US Agency for International Development-USAID)  Around 54% of the population lives on less than US$1 a day and 78% on less than US$2 (2001 data).

Source: Associated Press

Additional Information on Mud Cookies: Video from the BBC (on Youtube): Articles from the Sunday Times and The Guardian: nd_americas/article ece internationalaidanddevelopment

In this section I used interactive graphs with the Gapminder software which you can obtain for free at If you do not want to download the software, there is also an option to use it directly on the website (all you need in this case is a web browser with flash). The software has more than 600 indicators spanning over 200 years of data, so please feel free to play around with it! The ones I used were the following (Child Mortality vs. Income per Person and Life Expectancy vs. Income per Person):

A Little Bit of History In 1697, Haiti became the French colony of Saint-Dominique. It was a successful colonial enterprise for France (especially in terms of the production of sugarcane),but it relied heavily on slave labor. In 1801, Pierre-Dominique Toussaint l'Ouverture declared Independence. Napoléon Bonaparte suppressed the independence movement, but it effectively triumphed in 1804 under Jean- Jacques Dessalines.

 The Revolution brought more divides than unity, and as a consequent result, a weakening of the economy.  Disputes between light-skinned mulattoes (who dominated the economy) and the black population erupted.

A New Era of Dictatorships In 1949, after four years of democratic rule by President Dumarsais Estimé, dictatorship returned under Gen. Paul Magloire, who was succeeded by François Duvalier, nicknamed “Papa Doc,” in Upon Duvalier's death in 1971, his son, Jean-Claude, or “Baby Doc,” succeeded as ruler. He fled the country in On January 16, 2011, he made an unexpected return indicating that he wanted to help in the reconstruction of the country: "I'm not here for politics. I'm here for the reconstruction of Haiti,"

Throughout the 1990s the international community tried to establish democracy in Haiti. The country's first elected chief executive was Jean-Bertrand Aristide in A UN peacekeeping operation started in 2000.

The Worsening Effects of Natural Disasters The 2008 hurricane season was the most severe ever experienced in Haiti. Four storms--Fay, Gustav, Hanna, and Ike wiped out 70% of Haiti's crops for the year (according to the Food and Agriculture Organization – FAO), leading food prices to increase even higher in the country. A massive magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti in January More than people died (est.) More than 1.3 million had to be displaced Most of the already precarious infrastructure literally collapsed.

What Solutions Can Be Undertaken? 1) In the short term humanitarian aid may be needed (especially to provide basic nutrition to those most in need) 2) Political stabilization must be achieved (democratically elected governments and reduction in corruption) 3) Reconstruction of basic infrastructure 4) Heavy investments in education 5) Specialization in the manufacturing industry (especially the garment industry)

Concluding Thoughts The Haitian Economic Crisis is the most severe in the Western Hemisphere. Political instability is one of the main reasons for the economic situation. International Financial Aid may be a solution in the short run, but in the long run Haiti must strive for economic independence.