UNDERCOVER CHEATING BLOOD DOPING

Illicit method of improving athletic performance by artificially boosting the blood’s ability to bring more oxygen to muscles

TYPES OF BLOOD DOPING Blood Transfusions 2 types of transfusions Injections of erythropoietin (EPO)

TYPES: BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS Autologous Transfusions Athlete’s own blood Drawn and stored for later use Homologous Transfusions Athletes use the blood of someone else with the same blood type

RISKS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS Risk of infection Potential toxicity Homologous- greater risk of contracting an infectious disease

TYPES: EPO INJECTIONS EPO= erythropoietin Secreted by kidneys to regulate production of red blood cells Pharmaceutical product

RISKS OF EPO INJECTIONS Thicker blood Greater strain on heart

DETECTION OF BLOOD DOPING Search of athlete’s homes and team facilities Blood/urine test

TRANSFUSION DETECTION Autologous Transfusions No current detection method World Anti Doping Agency Indirect methods Homologous Transfusions Been in use since 2000 Fluorescent-Activated Cell Sorting

EPO DETECTION EPO undetectable Very controversial

PREVENTATIVE MEASURES “Blood Passports”

ARE THERE “BENEFITS”? Increased endurance Benefits long exercises Improves performance Avoids oxygen depletion

NEGATIVE EFFECTS Heart attack Stroke Blood disorders Blood contaminations Pulmonary embolisms Lung injury Bacterial infections Death

MILITARY USE U.S. Special Forces Australian Defense Forces “All is fair in love and war”

BIBLIOGRAPHY "Blood Doping - World Anti-Doping Agency." World Anti-Doping Agency. WADA, Sept Web. 16 Mar "Result Filters." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, Mar Web. 16 Mar "What Is Blood Doping? Everything You Need To Know About EPO And Other Performance-Enhancing Drugs Lance Armstrong Says He Used." International Business Times. IBT Media Inc., 18 Jan Web. 16 Mar "What Is Blood Doping?" What Is Blood Doping? Science and Industry Against Blood Doping Research, n.d. Web. 16 Mar