OCLC Online Computer Library Center Graphic Novels Julianne Beall Assistant Editor, DDC Library of Congress Saturday, June 25, 2005 ALA Annual Chicago

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Graphic Novels in DDC: Discussion Paper Supplement to Graphic Novels in DDC Draft schedule Cartoons, caricatures, comics, graphic novels, fotonovelas available for testing Supplement to Draft schedule New (coming….): Graphic Novels - an Update

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Original Tentative Decision: All Kinds Together Everything from single-frame caricatures to three-frame newspaper comic strips to comic books to graphic novels No good places to break the continuum so as to separate the material usefully into different categories

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Response to Original Paper: All Kinds Together vs. Separate Categories For all kinds together: 6 Impossible to make workable distinctions For separate categories: 5 No response: 9

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Supplement Proposed Two Categories (A) graphic works with narratives longer than jokes or anecdotes (B) graphic works with no narrative or extremely short narratives

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Category A: Comic Books, Graphic Novels, and Fotonovelas Astérix (by Uderzo and Goscinny) Astro Boy (by Osamu Tezuka) Contract with God and Other Tenement Stories (by Will Eisner) Dick Tracy Nikopol Trilogy (by Enki Bilal) Prince Valiant Spider-Man Tintin (by Hergé)

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Category A: Some Comic Strips Comic strips that have an anecdotal quality and yet have continuing narratives longer than anecdotes Doonesbury (by G. B. Trudeau) For Better or for Worse (by Lynn Franks Johnston)

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Category B: Caricatures and Single- Panel Cartoons Caricatures by Max Beerbohm, Al Hirschfeld, and David Levine New Yorker and Punch cartoons Far Side (by Gary Larson)

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Category B: Some Cartoons and Comic Strips Cartoons and comic strips that have continuing characters and situations but lack narrative lines that continue for longer than anecdotes Cartoons by Charles Addams Family Circus (by Bil Keane) Garfield (by Jim Davis) Peanuts (by Charles M. Schulz)

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Responses to Supplement For two categories: 7 Against two categories: 10 Mixed responses: 2

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Sample Responses (1) "Most generally, those in search of a complete and developed story (whether fiction or nonfiction) are not looking for the same material as those seeking single-idea representations. Therefore, dividing the sequential art universe at least into A and B is the beginning of getting it better than lumping any image-driven text in with all image- driven texts!"

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Sample Responses (2) "I do not find the split of comic strips... to be practical. This distinction may be useful in a few settings, but I believe more library users look at all the comics published in a local newspaper's comics section to be the same type of material. Thus books which republish collections of comic strips should receive the same classification. They should all be together in 'category A'."

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Sample Responses (3) "I think the distinction is useful and generally would be practical. "I also think that the suggested 'if in doubt' recommendation for category A points catalogers in the right direction and should adequately cover the grey area that catalogers will likely find with comic strips that are anecdotal most of the time but occasionally have continuing stories for a week or two...."

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Sample Responses (4) "To expect that even trained catalogers could consistently decide whether material in a given format such as comic strips contained a continuous narrative or was merely anecdotal seems to me obviously a recipe for trouble."

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Sample Responses (5) "The most popular approach sorts works according to their hero or the name given to the series. All other works that do not fit in this category are organized separately by artist. So, Bill Watterson's Calvin and Hobbes is filed at Calvin as a series, the Spider-Man books are together under this hero's name and Maus by Art Spiegelman is filed by the artist's name."

OCLC Online Computer Library Center DDC Editors Leaning... But Still Open to Comments and Suggestions Leaning toward original tentative decision to treat all kinds alike

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Subarrangement by Country: Original Manual Note Use notation for country where first published for individual works where multiple hands (e.g., writers, pencilers, inkers, colorists, letterers) have contributed to the final work Use notation for country of the artist or writer for collections that feature the work of a particular artist or writer

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Subarrangement by Country: Original Manual Note (continued) If in doubt, try to determine which country's cultural tradition the work was originally aimed at, and use the notation for that country If still in doubt, prefer notation for the country that comes later in Table 2

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Concerns about Subarrangement by Country "In particular, the area of concern arose when the authors were clearly of a particular country of origin, but the first known place of publication differed. There was some comment as to the cultural bias in the material that might not be reflected in the use of place of publication."

OCLC Online Computer Library Center More on Subarrangement by Country (1) "This approach might facilitate things for works from the USA (comics) and Japan (manga), but things get much more complicated in the francophone market. Although one could try to distinguish works from Belgium, France or Switzerland, these distinctions tend to be hard to make and rather theoretical for the patrons of the library."

OCLC Online Computer Library Center More on Subarrangement by Country (2) "Jacques Martin, auteur français dAlix, qui a fait la quasi-totalité de sa carrière chez un éditeur belge doit-il être considéré comme un auteur belge? Rosinski, polonais dorigine, mais travaillant en Belgique depuis trente ans, doit-il être considéré comme auteur polonais ou belge?

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Subarrangement by Country: Tentative Plan for Revision of Manual Note Start by trying to determine the cultural tradition at which the work was originally aimed: use the notation for that country Then, if in doubt, consider....

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Next Steps Discussion paper: Graphic Novels - an Update Comments and suggestions by August 19, 2005 Proposed schedule to be mailed to Decimal Classification Editorial Policy Committee (EPC) September 6, 2005 EPC meeting October 2005