JASS 2005 Next-Generation User-Centered Information Management Information visualization Alexander S. Babaev Faculty of Applied Mathematics and Control Processes Saint Petersburg Government University

Information visualization I.Introduction II.Information needs III.Information perception IV.Current situation V.Conclusion

[Introduction] Information needs Information perception Current Situation Conclusion I. Introduction I am: User My task: Get Information Solution: …

[Introduction] Information needs Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Text-based Ranked list Hundreds (thousands) of results for most queries Grouped by 10 per page Hit description: – Page title – Short Extract from page – Link Advanced features Main Features:

[Introduction] Information needs Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Is it so good ? Some results for query “Information visualization”

Disadvantages : Bad descriptions Too many hits [Introduction] Information needs Information perception Current Situation Conclusion

[Introduction] Information needs Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Approaches I. II.

[Introduction] Information needs Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Kartoo I.Advantages: Fancy Grouping Approach Uses results from other engines II.Disadvantages Doesn't solve the problems Complicated

[Introduction] Information needs Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Vivisimo I.Advantages: “Clustering” Approach Uses results from other engines II.Disadvantages Clustering method? The same “old problems”

[Introduction] Information needs Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Introduction [Information needs] II. Information needs Successful search in many aspects depends on a type of information you are searching! Examples: In Blogs Pictures / Multimedia Maps Software Statistics Specific document format

Introduction [Information needs] Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Classification Information need Solution Known-itemSearch system, site index Exploratory/ orientation TOC/site map, guide, top levels of hierarchy Open-ended Guide, hierarchy, search wizard, easy switching between search and browse, collaborative filtering Selective research Search system, filtered results through use of search zones Comprehensive research Search system, expanded results through use of thesaurus

Introduction [Information needs] Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Situation We have different information needs and no common search engine for all We have many engines for specific search

Introduction [Information needs] Information perception Current Situation Conclusion IVL Information visualization language Information visualization interface Query translator Search engine Transformation engine

III. Information perception Introduction [Information needs] Information perception Current Situation Conclusion Introduction Information needs [Information perception] Current Situation Conclusion Successful search – convenient search. Google: Text 10 per page 3 describing elements Kartoo: colorful map More than 10 per page 3 describing elements Vivisimo Text ~10 per page 3 describing elements + cluster name

Miller’s magical number seven Introduction Information needs [Information perception] Current Situation Conclusion Short-term memory is limited to 7+/- 2 objects Long lists are bad Effectively use all possible dimensions

Display dimensions Introduction Information needs [Information perception] Current Situation Conclusion Attribute Resolution Number of Attributes Explicit and Implicit Grouping Natural Interactivity Views and Cues Sequential and Parallel Presentation

Introduction Information needs [Information perception] Current Situation Conclusion How to measure ? 1. Recall: a measure of how well the relevant results are represented in the data returned, being the ratio of the number of relevant retrievals to the total number of relevant documents in the collection. 2. Precision: a measure of how much of what is returned is relevant, being the ratio of the number of relevant retrievals to the total number of retrieved documents.

Introduction Information needs [Information perception] Current Situation Conclusion How to measure ? Time Number of interface interactions Number of refinements User opinion Cognitive load Number of errors Learning curve Effective use of screen real estate Number of results displayable Mode of use Multi-session support Significance Bandwidth

IV. Current situation Introduction Information needs [Information perception] Current Situation Conclusion Introduction Information needs Information perception [Current Situation] Conclusion A very query-dependant search Cognitive load at results evaluation Need to change query

Introduction Information needs Information perception [Current Situation] Conclusion How to improve ? Clustering? Advantages: Browse through clusters (relevant topics) Know about each exact hit more Decline non-relevant parts of search space

Introduction Information needs Information perception [Current Situation] Conclusion SOPHIA Sophisticated Analyzing system Enterprise search engine Some facts: Good algorithm Non-commercial web-interface version

V. Conclusion Introduction Information needs Information perception [Current Situation] Conclusion Introduction Information needs Information perception Current Situation [Conclusion] There are some great visualization problems in popular search engines There are ways to improve situation There are approaches to improve situation, but not so many researches on this topic

V. Conclusion Introduction Information needs Information perception Current Situation [Conclusion] There are some great visualization problems in popular search engines There are ways to improve situation There are approaches to improve situation, but not so many researches on this topic Thank you for your attention Do you have any Questions ! ? Case study?

Try to measure the effectiveness of visualization of one of given search engines and give some recommendations. Team1 : Team2 : Team3 :