Ch 11: Aggression Part 2: Apr. 17, 2012

Violent Video Games Link with aggression? – Anderson & Bushman’s research (2001): Compared undergrads w/average amount of video game experience 1 st played either Mortal Kombat or PGA Tournament Golf games 2 nd part of experiment w/confederate & competition Results?

How might media violence influence aggression? Social cognitive view of aggression – – Integrates social learning theory, scripts, developmental theories Beliefs about aggressive solutions – Behavioral scripts – Impact on emotional reactions -

APA Resolution on Violence in Video Games Previous research – – Exposure is correlated w/increases in …what? – Social learning via perpetrator consequences? – Concern w/sexualized violence:

APA Resolution on Violence in Video Games (cont.) – Differences from TV violence? – Recommendations to entertainment industry:

Positive influences of gaming? Jane McGonigal’s proposals – World of Warcraft example Urgent Optimism Weaves a tight social fabric Blissful productivity Epic meaning of the work & building resources

Media & Aggression: Porn Difficult to research this area – different definitions (‘explicit sexual material’) – Distinguish violent & nonviolent porn – Effects of learning ‘sexual scripts’ Rape myths research –what does it show? Desensitization to brutality

Does violent porn provoke aggression? – Combo of arousal, aggression, & negative emotions Donnerstein’s research – – 1) differences in male-to-male aggression versus male-to-female aggression – 2) How rape is depicted is crucial in influencing viewer’s later aggression Results?

Newly researched forms of aggression Road rage – Aronson’s proposal for ‘apology signal’ Cyberbullying – Efforts to stop bullying in Norway that reduced it by 50%:

Reducing Aggression: Punishment For punishment to work, must be: – Prompt – Relatively strong – Consistent – …but potential for retaliation – …what does social learning theory imply?

Incompatible Responses Baron – induce a response incompatible w/anger Study w/confederate stopping at red light, waits for 15 sec after green light What % of cars behind the confed will honk? – What were the different conditions? – What were the results?