Joni Gilman ESL Teacher Emergent Adult Readers Where Do I Start? 1

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Think, pair, share. Decided on 2 or 3 ideas Join another group, share ideas Pick 2 ideas and share with the whole group. What teacher made reading interesting for you? How Did They Do It? 3

1.Alphabetics 2. Fluency 3. Vocabulary 4.Comprehention What are the 4 components of reading? 4

Refers to phonemic awareness and decoding skills. “Phonemic awareness is about speech sounds only. Decoding makes the connection between letters and the sounds they represent. When we talk about PHONICS instruction we refer to training in the use of letter-sound relationships to identify words in reading or to approximate the spelling of words. Alphabetics 5

Refers to oral or silent reading that is rapid, efficient, and largely free of errors in word identification. But fluency is more than just speedy, accurate reading; a fluent reader also uses appropriate phasing and expression. A fluent reader knows how to group words into phrases, where to pause, and what to emphasize. Fluency 6

Refers to the words understood or used by a person. Oral vocabulary is the words we understand and use in speaking and listening. Our reading vocabulary is the store of words we can read and understand. Vocabulary 7

Is the process of simultaneously extracting and constructing meaning through interaction and involvement with written language. Comprehension entails three elements The reader who is doing the comprehension The text to be comprehended The activity in which comprehension is a part. Taken from Applying Research in Reading Instruction For Adults by McShane. Comprehension 8

Need phonemic awareness Sound letter correspondence Sight word or (high frequency words) recognition Possibly automatic recognition (or naming) of the English alphabet. Low level readers 9 Taken from profiles/index.htm and Evidence-Based Reading Instruction(EBRI)

1. Use an alphabet line to help student with automatic recognition. I have one in my room. Also made my own alphabet line, to use on smart board. 2.Sight words, we studied new sight words each week. Then posted words we knew on a bulletin board until we finished first one hundred. Then went on to study second Use phonic related materials Such as Taking Off In English How do we accomplish this? 10

11 Alphabetic Instruction for low level readers Plan phonics instruction for unknown patterns such as single consonant, short vowel sound, digraphs (ck,ch, sh) beginning /ending blends (bl, cr, nk, ng ) long sound silent e, silent constants(w, k, b) and irregular spellings. Provide multi-sensory, systematic, and explicit phonics instruction, by having students see and hear sound-letter-word patterns by modeling and then have students repeat practice with guided practice. Consider teaching using word families (such as, at, bat cat ) Always provide application or contextual practice with meaningful phrases, sentences, or stories- not just word lists. Taken from Evidence Based Reading Instruction

12 Fluency and the beginning reader Select materials to read that are in the middle of the groups abilities Use materials to be read relevant to students. Model proficient Oral reading. a. Choral Reading every one reads together. (like a chorus) b. Repeated reading The teacher models and students repeat. c. Text signals or Clues Teacher models how to look for commas, question marks, periods and other marks. Sample of Story by Story.

13 Story By Story Story By Story, written by Marn Frank Adult oriented stories Can be found on ATLAS website or Marshal website. Work with one story Approved by EBRI

14 Story By Story Highlight Words, by scanning for in story. Pronounce words clearly. Use “Teacher Talk” Read the story. Students repeat (Repeat reading) Break into groups. Repeat reading the story in smaller groups Last step partner read the story.

15 Other Reading 1.Reading Skills for Todays Adults, Marshall Adult Basic Education web site adult 2.ESL Literacy Readers Sam and Pat by Hartel, Lowry, and Hendon, by HEINLE Cengage Learning 4.What’s Next? by New Readers Press, book 1 5.Capstone Press Books with real pictures.

16 Phonics Taking Off Beginning English by McGraw-Hill Ultimate Phonics Reading Program (Spencer Learning) software LITSTART Strategies for Adult Literacy and ESL Tutors by Patricia Frey, Michigan Literacy, Inc. 100 Words Web site

17 Questions?