Cargo securing for road transport – legal aspects Why make cargo securing rules for road transport mandatory? Kristof SCHOCKAERT

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects2 Policy note Minister of Transport “Considering that the dammage caused by accidents due to bad cargo securing has negatif consequences not only for human life, the material, the cargo and the image of the carrier but also for the road traffic flows, mandatory rules on cargo securing will be made applicable at national level during 2007, in combination with the current existing sensibilisation, in cooperation with the carriers and inspired by the European Best Practice Guidelines on Cargo Securing for Road Transport.”

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects3 Legal framework load securing

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects4 Law 3 May 1999 Artikel 37 § 2.2° The consignor, the loader, the shipper or the shipping agent are punished when they have given instructions or undertook actions that resulted in: the exceeding of the allowed weights, masses and measurements for vehicules not following the rules and procedures on the safe loading and cargo handling of the vehicules the non respect on the legislation on the driving and rest periods not respecting the speed limits for the vehicule.

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects5 Law 3 May 1999 These infractions are penalised with a jail sentance up to six months and/or a fine up to EURO. When the infraction is repeated within 2 years after the conviction, the initial punishment must be at least be doubled.

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects6 Royal decree 1/12/75

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects7 Royal decree 1/12/75 Art 45 General prescriptions Art 45bisSpecific prescriptions Art 46Measurements Art 47Signalisation

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects8 GENERAL PRESCRIPTIONS Art 45.1 Art 45.1 The cargo must be arranged in a way that it will not, during regular road conditions : 1° hinder the sight of the driver; 2° be dangerous to the driver, the passenger or other road users; 3° cause dammage to the road; 4° fall or drag on the road; 5° endangers the stability of the vehicule; 6° cover lights, reflectors or license plate.

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects9 GENERAL PRESCRIPTIONS Art Art 45.2 Cereals, flax, straw must have a cover or a net Art 45.3 Cargo of long pieces can not be fluctuating outside the circumference of the vehicule Art 45.4 What is used for cargo securing must be > in good condition > used properly > enclose the cargo Art 45.5 The cargo may not cause any noice or scare animals Art 45.6 All doors must be secured or locked.

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects10 SPECIFIC PRESCRIPTIONS Art 45bis Scope Packaging Task and responsabity of the loader and packer Obligation to provide information Forces Cargo securing system Stowage and locking devices European and international rules, directives and guidelines

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects11 Art 45bis 1. SCOPE Artikel 45 bis applies only to vehicules of group C: C, CE, C1, C1+E C : voertuigen goederenvervoer, met MTM meer 3500 kg en aanhangwagen tot 750 kg. C+E : idem met aanhangwagen MTM meer 750 kg C1 : voertuigen goederenvervoer met MTM meer 3500 kg en maximaal 7500 kg en aanhangwagen tot 750 kg. C1+E : idem met aanhangwagen MTM meer 750 kg

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects12 Art 45bis 3. PACKAGING When the primary packaging is not sufficiently firm to transport the goods safely …

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects13 Art 45bis 3. PACKAGING … the packer and/or loader have to cover the goods in a transport packaging that is strong enough to enable cargo securing in an appropriate way The consignor has to writtenly inform in advance the carrier with all information that he needs to secure the cargo.

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects14 Art 45bis 4. FORCES The cargo securing system has to resist certain forces:

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects15 Art 45bis 4. Cargo securing systems The constituent parts of the cargo securing system: 1° have to function properly

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects16 Art 45bis 4. Cargo securing systems 2° must be used in the way that they are designed for

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects17 Art 45bis 4. Cargo securing systems 3° may not show : knots damaged elements weakened elements in a way that this affects their effectiveness with regard to the securing of the cargo

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects18 Art 45bis 4. Cargo securing systems 4° may not have any cracks, cuts nor fraying

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects19 Art 45bis 4. Cargo securing systems 5°have to be conform the applicable European and / or international product standards

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects20 Art 45bis 4. Cargo securing systems The cargo securing system that is used to put a cargo secured to a vehicule, should be suitable for the size

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects21 Art 45bis 4. Cargo securing systems The cargo securing system that is used to put a cargo secured to a vehicule, should be suitable for the form

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects22 Art 45bis 4. Cargo securing systems The cargo securing system that is used to put a cargo secured to a vehicule, should be suitable for the strength and characteristics of the load

21 september 2015Legal aspects on load securing23 Art 45bis 5. Cargo securing systems The securing system or integrated guard locking device that is used to secure load to a vehicle has to be so secured itself in a way that they can not get unlocked or loosed

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects24 Art 45bis 5. Cargo securing systems The securing system or integrated guard locking device that is used to secure load to a vehicle has to be: 1. designed and manufactured for the purpose it is used and 2. used and maintained in according to manufacturer’s specifications and in accordance to the applicable European and / or international standards.

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects25 Art 45bis 5. Cargo securing systems

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects26 Art 45bis 6. European Guidelines A cargo that is secured following the “European Best Practice Guidelines on Cargo Securing for Road Transport “ meets all the requierments set out in Article 45 bis 4 - 1

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects27 Art 45bis 4 versus 5 and 6 Art 45 bis 4 … the securing system has to withstand the forces but, doensn’t specify in which way there has to be secured. The used system has to comply with the European standards. Art 45 bis 5 … the securing systems have to be used according to the European standards. Art 45 bis 6 … if a securing system complies with the “European Best Practice Guidelines …”, it meets the requierements set out in Article 45 bis 4.

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects28 Guidelines and standards The good practices can be found in the renewed EN The securing sytem has to be conform with the guidelines and European and international regulations (EN IMO/ILO/UN ECE) EN12640 anchor points EN12641 Covers EN12642 Vehicules/boards/poles EN Lashing EN Chain Lashing EN Cable Lashing

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects29 Art 19 KB 15/03/ §3 : transport (MTM +7t) of beams, pipes, poles, steel plates, coils, drums, barrels that can cause a depression or puncture of the driver's compartment must have: - Suffucient securing - A specific safety equipement

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects30 Information duty The carrier has the obligation to inform us how the securing system has been placed. He has different options: 1. European Best Practice Guidelines on Cargo Securing for Road Transport. 2. A good practice, argumented writtenly by and under the responsability of the consignor. 3. Any other good practice.

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects31 Information duty The driver has to hand over all the information that we need enabling us to control the effectiveness of the securing systems: 1. Meetverslag ladingzekeringssysteem 2. Massa van elke ladingseenheid 3. Meetverslag van blokkeringcapaciteit 4. Ligging van het zwaartepunt 5. Meetverslag van vormstabiliteit 6. Meetverslag van wrijvingfactor indien niet opgenomen in tabel EN Meetverslag van verankeringspunten 8. Meetverslag van zekeringsmiddel

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects32 Control 1 Cargo securing system is known, certificates or written instructions Verification of the information Ask all the information you need in order to control

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects33 Certificate check

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects34 Control 1 Cargo securing system is known, certificates or written instructions Check EN or other if applicable Check obvious infractions Verification of the information

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects35 Control 2 Unkown cargo securing system Check for obvious infractions

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects36 Obvious infractions Load platform

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects37 Obvious infractions

21 september 2015Legal aspects on load securing38 Obvious infractions Missing or not conform labelling Twisted lashes

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects39 Obvious infractions Not properly lashed

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects40 Obvious infractions No cargo securing system in place

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects41 Obvious infractions Cargo isn’t form stable

21 september 2015Legal aspects on load securing42 Obvious infractions

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects43 Obvious infractions Not conform use of cargo secure systems

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects44 Obvious infractions Friction mats are not used properly Use stanchions unknowing the strength

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects45 Poles and stanchions are less strong then one thinks

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects46 Obvious infractions System isn’t suited > Useless securing V

21 september 2015Cargo securing for road transport - legal aspects47 Control 2 Unknown cargo securing system Check EN No obvious infractions ?